Louder Talin, Bressel Megan, Bressel Eadric
Biomechanics Laboratory, HPER Department, Utah State University, Logan, UT.
Spring Creek Medical Center, Providence, UT.
J Hum Kinet. 2015 Dec 30;49:201-8. doi: 10.1515/hukin-2015-0122. eCollection 2015 Dec 22.
Plyometric training is a popular method utilized by strength and conditioning professionals to improve aspects of functional strength. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of extrinsic verbal cueing on the specificity of jumping movements. Thirteen participants (age: 23.4 ± 1.9 yr, body height: 170.3 ± 15.1 cm, body mass: 70.3 ± 23.8 kg,) performed four types of jumps: a depth jump "as quickly as possible" (DJT), a depth jump "as high as possible" (DJH), a countermovement jump (CMJ), and a squat jump (SJ). Dependent measures, which included measurement of strength and power, were acquired using a force platform. From the results, differences in body-weight normalized peak force (BW) (DJH: 4.3, DJT: 5.6, CMJ: 2.5, SJ: 2.2), time in upward propulsion (s) (DJH: 0.34, DJT: 0.20, CMJ: 0.40, SJ: 0.51), and mean acceleration (m·s-2) (DJH: 26.7, DJT: 36.2, CMJ: 19.8, SJ: 17.3) were observed across all comparisons (p = 0.001 - 0.033). Differences in the body-weight normalized propulsive impulse (BW·s) (DJH: 0.55, DJT: 0.52, CMJ: 0.39, SJ: 0.39) and propulsive power (kW) (DJH: 13.7, DJT: 16.5, CMJ: 11.5, SJ: 12.1) were observed across all comparisons (p = 0.001 - 0.050) except between the CMJ and SJ (p = 0.128 - 0.929). The results highlight key kinetic differences influencing the specificity of plyometric movements and suggest that verbal cues may be used to emphasize the development of reactive strength (e.g. DJT) or high-velocity concentric power (e.g. DJH).
增强式训练是力量与体能训练专业人员常用的一种方法，用于改善功能性力量的各个方面。本研究的目的是探讨外部言语提示对跳跃动作特异性的影响。13名参与者（年龄：23.4±1.9岁，身高：170.3±15.1厘米，体重：70.3±23.8千克）进行了四种类型的跳跃：“尽可能快”的纵跳（DJT）、“尽可能高”的纵跳（DJH）、反向纵跳（CMJ）和深蹲跳（SJ）。使用测力平台获取包括力量和功率测量在内的相关指标。结果显示，在所有比较中，体重标准化峰值力（BW）（DJH：4.3，DJT：5.6，CMJ：2.5，SJ：2.2）、向上推进时间（秒）（DJH：0.34，DJT：0.20，CMJ：0.40，SJ：0.51）和平均加速度（米·秒²）（DJH：26.7，DJT：36.2，CMJ：19.8，SJ：17.3）存在差异（p = 0.001 - 0.033）。在所有比较中，除了CMJ和SJ之间（p = 0.128 - 0.929），体重标准化推进冲量（BW·秒）（DJH：0.55，DJT：0.52，CMJ：0.39，SJ：0.39）和推进功率（千瓦）（DJH：13.7，DJT：16.5，CMJ：11.5，SJ：12.1）存在差异（p = 0.001 - 0.050）。结果突出了影响增强式动作特异性的关键动力学差异，并表明言语提示可用于强调反应力量（如DJT）或高速向心力量（如DJH）的发展。
