Wolff Jan, Farré-Guasch Elisabet, Sándor George K, Gibbs Susan, Jager Derk Jan, Forouzanfar Tymour
*Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, VU University Medical Center/Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. †Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. ‡Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. §Head Professor, Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Professor of Skin and Mucosa Regenerative Medicine, Head of Dermatology Lab, Department of Dermatology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. ¶Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, VU University Medical Center/Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. ‖Head Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, VU University Medical Center/Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), MOVE Research Institute Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Implant Dent. 2016 Jun;25(3):427-34. doi: 10.1097/ID.0000000000000385.
Oral soft tissue augmentation or grafting procedures are often necessary to achieve proper wound closure after deficits resulting from tumor excision, clefts, trauma, dental implants, and tooth recessions.
Autologous soft tissue grafts still remain the gold standard to acquire a functionally adequate zone of keratinized attached gingiva. However, soft tissue substitutes are more commonly used because they minimize morbidity and shorten surgical time.
This review aimed to assess soft tissue grafting techniques and materials used in the oral cavity from existing literature. There are a large variety of materials and techniques, including grafts, local flaps, allogenic derived matrices such as acellular dermal allograft, xenogenic tissue matrices from animal origin, and synthetic materials.
Tissue engineering of oral mucosa represents an interesting alternative to obtain sufficient autologous tissue for reconstructing oral wounds using biodegradable scaffolds, and may improve vascularization and epithelialization, which are critical for successful outcomes.
对于肿瘤切除、腭裂、创伤、牙种植体及牙齿退缩所导致的缺损，往往需要进行口腔软组织增量或移植手术，以实现恰当的伤口闭合。
自体软组织移植仍是获得功能上足够角化附着龈区域的金标准。然而，软组织替代物更常被使用，因为它们可将发病率降至最低并缩短手术时间。
本综述旨在从现有文献评估口腔中使用的软组织移植技术和材料。有各种各样的材料和技术，包括移植片、局部皮瓣、同种异体来源基质（如脱细胞异体真皮）、动物源异种组织基质以及合成材料。
口腔黏膜组织工程是一种有趣的替代方法，可利用可生物降解支架获取足够的自体组织来重建口腔伤口，并且可能改善血管化和上皮化，这对于成功的结果至关重要。
