Todd P A, Benfield P
ADIS Drug Information Services, Auckland, New Zealand.
Drugs. 1989 Oct;38(4):481-99. doi: 10.2165/00003495-198938040-00002.
Flunarizine is a class IV calcium antagonist with a pharmacological profile which suggests its therapeutic potential in a number of neurological and cerebrovascular disorders. It is an effective prophylactic treatment for common or classic migraine in children and adults, and it appears at least as effective as a number of other agents which act by different pharmacological mechanisms, including pizotifen (pizotyline), cinnarizine, methysergide, nimodipine, metoprolol, propranolol, aspirin and cyclandelate. Flunarizine is also effective in reducing the frequency of seizures, when used as an 'add-on' treatment, in some patients with partial or generalised epilepsy resistant to maximal therapy with a combination of several conventional antiepileptic drugs. Placebo-controlled studies show that flunarizine is effective in the treatment of vertigo and associated symptoms of either peripheral or central origin, and in the treatment of cerebrovascular insufficiency where psychological symptoms, rather than vertigo, are the primary symptoms. In the treatment of vertigo, flunarizine appears at least as effective as cinnarizine and more effective than nicergoline, betahistine dichlorhydrate, pentoxifylline (oxpentifylline) and vincamine. Flunarizine therefore is useful in the prophylaxis of migraine, an effective treatment for vertigo and a worthwhile alternative as 'add-on' therapy in patients with epilepsy resistant to conventional drugs.
氟桂利嗪是一种IV类钙拮抗剂，其药理特性表明它在多种神经和脑血管疾病中具有治疗潜力。它是儿童和成人常见或典型偏头痛的有效预防性治疗药物，并且似乎至少与其他一些通过不同药理机制起作用的药物一样有效，这些药物包括苯噻啶、桂利嗪、麦角新碱、尼莫地平、美托洛尔、普萘洛尔、阿司匹林和环扁桃酯。当作为“附加”治疗药物使用时，氟桂利嗪在一些对多种传统抗癫痫药物联合进行最大剂量治疗仍耐药的部分性或全身性癫痫患者中，也能有效减少癫痫发作的频率。安慰剂对照研究表明，氟桂利嗪在治疗眩晕及外周或中枢性起源的相关症状方面有效，在治疗以心理症状而非眩晕为主要症状的脑血管供血不足方面也有效。在治疗眩晕方面，氟桂利嗪似乎至少与桂利嗪一样有效，且比尼麦角林、二盐酸倍他司汀、己酮可可碱和长春胺更有效。因此，氟桂利嗪可用于偏头痛的预防，是眩晕的有效治疗药物，也是对传统药物耐药的癫痫患者“附加”治疗的一种有价值的替代药物。
