Pereda Noemí, Abad Judit, Guilera Georgina
a Research Group on Child and Adolescent Victimization (GReVIA) , Universitat de Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain.
J Child Sex Abus. 2016;25(2):142-58. doi: 10.1080/10538712.2016.1123791. Epub 2016 Feb 5.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the lifetime prevalence and characteristics of self-reported child sexual victimization and associations between sexual victimization and sociodemographic characteristics and victimological profiles in community adolescents in Spain. The Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire (Finkelhor, Hamby, Ormrod, & Turner, 2005) was applied to a sample of 1,105 community adolescents (M = 14.52 years, SD = 1.76). Experience of sexual victimization (with or without physical contact) was reported by 8.8% of the sample, at a mean age of 13 years old. Sexual victimization was more prevalent in girls (14.2%) and in older adolescents (10.6%). Offenders were mainly male (87.6%) and were mostly friends, neighbors, or schoolmates (52.6%). No injuries resulted from victimization (4.3%), although the percentage of penetration or attempted penetration was very high (30.6%). Only 9.3% of victims reported the incident to the police or the justice system. In regard to victimological profiles, sexual victims also experienced other forms of victimization (M = 7.16; SD = 3.39): boys reported more conventional crimes, peer and sibling victimization, and witnessing community violence than other victims, whereas sexually victimized girls reported more caregiver victimization and property crimes. Sexually victimized youth present a distinctive sociodemographic and victimological profile. Professionals need to be aware of these characteristics in order to conduct adequate prevention programs. We also need to assess a wide range of victimization experiences when treating sexual abuse victims in order to make adolescents less vulnerable to violence.
本研究旨在调查西班牙社区青少年自我报告的儿童性侵害的终生患病率及特征，以及性侵害与社会人口学特征和受害者学概况之间的关联。对1105名社区青少年（平均年龄M = 14.52岁，标准差SD = 1.76）的样本应用了青少年受害情况调查问卷（芬克尔霍尔、汉比、奥姆罗德和特纳，2005年）。样本中有8.8%的人报告有性侵害经历（有或没有身体接触），平均年龄为13岁。性侵害在女孩（14.2%）和年龄较大的青少年（10.6%）中更为普遍。犯罪者主要为男性（87.6%），大多是朋友、邻居或同学（52.6%）。性侵害未导致受伤的情况占4.3%，尽管性侵或未遂性侵的比例非常高（30.6%）。只有9.3%的受害者向警方或司法系统报告了该事件。在受害者学概况方面，性侵害受害者还经历了其他形式的侵害（平均M = 7.16；标准差SD = 3.39）：男孩报告的传统犯罪、同伴和兄弟姐妹侵害以及目睹社区暴力比其他受害者更多，而遭受性侵害的女孩报告的照顾者侵害和财产犯罪更多。遭受性侵害的青少年呈现出独特的社会人口学和受害者学概况。专业人员需要了解这些特征，以便开展适当的预防项目。在治疗性虐待受害者时，我们还需要评估广泛的受害经历，以使青少年更不易遭受暴力侵害。
