消极强化进食预期在经验性回避与去抑制之间关系中的作用。
The role of negative reinforcement eating expectancies in the relation between experiential avoidance and disinhibition.
作者信息
Schaumberg Katherine, Schumacher Leah M, Rosenbaum Diane L, Kase Colleen A, Piers Amani D, Lowe Michael R, Forman Evan M, Butryn Meghan L
机构信息
Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
出版信息
Eat Behav. 2016 Apr;21:129-34. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2016.01.003. Epub 2016 Jan 21.
OBJECTIVES
Eating-related disinhibition (i.e., a tendency to overeat in response to various stimuli) is associated with weight gain and poorer long-term weight loss success. Theoretically, experiential avoidance (i.e., the desire or attempts to avoid uncomfortable internal experiences), may predispose individuals to developing negative reinforcement eating expectancies (i.e., the belief that eating will help to mitigate distress), which in turn promote disinhibition. Such relationships are consistent with an acquired preparedness model, which posits that dispositions influence learning and subsequent behavior. Drawing from this framework, the current study represents the first investigation of relations between negative reinforcement eating expectancies, experiential avoidance (both general and food-specific) and disinhibited eating. In particular, the mediating role of negative reinforcement eating expectancies in the relation between experiential avoidance and disinhibited eating was examined.
METHOD
Participants (N=107) were overweight and obese individuals presenting for behavioral weight loss treatment who completed measures of general and food-related experiential avoidance, negative reinforcement eating expectancies, and disinhibition.
RESULTS
Experiential avoidance and negative reinforcement eating expectancies significantly related to disinhibition. Furthermore, the relation between experiential avoidance and disinhibition was mediated by negative reinforcement eating expectancies.
DISCUSSION
The current study supports an acquired preparedness model for disinhibition, such that the relation between experiential avoidance and disinhibition is accounted for by expectations that eating will alleviate distress. Findings highlight the potential role of eating expectancies in models accounting for obesity risk, and identify negative reinforcement eating expectancies as a potential treatment target for reducing disinhibition.
目的
与饮食相关的去抑制（即对各种刺激做出过度进食的倾向）与体重增加以及长期减肥成功率较低有关。从理论上讲，经验性回避（即渴望或试图避免不舒服的内心体验）可能使个体更容易形成负强化饮食预期（即认为进食有助于减轻痛苦的信念），进而促进去抑制。这种关系与习得性准备模型一致，该模型认为性格会影响学习及后续行为。基于这一框架，本研究首次调查了负强化饮食预期、经验性回避（包括一般的和特定食物的）与去抑制性饮食之间的关系。具体而言，研究考察了负强化饮食预期在经验性回避与去抑制性饮食关系中的中介作用。
方法
参与者（N = 107）为前来接受行为减肥治疗且超重和肥胖的个体，他们完成了一般的和与食物相关的经验性回避、负强化饮食预期以及去抑制性的测量。
结果
经验性回避和负强化饮食预期与去抑制性显著相关。此外，经验性回避与去抑制性之间的关系由负强化饮食预期介导。
讨论
本研究支持去抑制的习得性准备模型，即经验性回避与去抑制性之间的关系可由进食能缓解痛苦的预期来解释。研究结果突出了饮食预期在肥胖风险模型中的潜在作用，并将负强化饮食预期确定为减少去抑制性的潜在治疗靶点。
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