Schiestl R H, Chan W S, Gietz R D, Mehta R D, Hastings P J
Department of Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Mutat Res. 1989 Dec;224(4):427-36. doi: 10.1016/0165-1218(89)90067-0.
Deletion of an integrated plasmid, a specific type of intrachromosomal recombination, was evaluated for inducibility with the phenylpropenes safrole, eugenol and methyleugenol in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These phenylpropenes are found in food products, spices, pharmaceuticals and clove cigarettes. Safrole and eugenol are known carcinogens in animals and methyleugenol is a suspected carcinogen. These phenylpropenes are not detectable by the Ames assay and most other short-term tests used currently in predictive carcinogenesis. Like safrole, which has been shown to be nonmutagenic with the Ames assay, eugenol and methyleugenol were found to be nonmutagenic with the Ames assay. In contrast, with the yeast assays which screen for intra- and inter-chromosomal recombination in logarithmic phase cultures, all 3 compounds gave a positive dose-related response. These results demonstrate further that the yeast system can be modified easily to detect various genetic endpoints and that it deserves serious consideration as a test system for predictive carcinogenesis.
在酿酒酵母中，对整合质粒的缺失（一种特定类型的染色体内重组）进行了评估，以检测其对苯丙烯类化合物黄樟素、丁香酚和甲基丁香酚诱导作用的敏感性。这些苯丙烯类化合物存在于食品、香料、药品和丁香烟中。黄樟素和丁香酚在动物体内是已知的致癌物，甲基丁香酚是一种疑似致癌物。这些苯丙烯类化合物无法通过艾姆斯试验以及目前预测致癌性所使用的大多数其他短期试验检测出来。与已被证明在艾姆斯试验中无致突变性的黄樟素一样，丁香酚和甲基丁香酚在艾姆斯试验中也被发现无致突变性。相比之下，在对数期培养物中筛选染色体内和染色体间重组的酵母试验中，所有这3种化合物都呈现出与剂量相关的阳性反应。这些结果进一步证明，酵母系统可以很容易地进行改良以检测各种遗传终点，并且作为预测致癌性的试验系统值得认真考虑。
