Schiestl R H
Department of Biology, University of Rochester, New York 14627.
Nature. 1989 Jan 19;337(6204):285-8. doi: 10.1038/337285a0.
To identify environmental carcinogens there is a need for inexpensive and reliable short-term tests, but certain human or animal carcinogens are persistently undetectable as mutagents with the Ames assay or with other short-term tests currently in use. Thus there is a need for short-term tests which detect carcinogens missed by the Ames assay. Because of the association of carcinogenesis with genome rearrangement, a system screening for intrachromosomal recombination resulting in genome rearrangement has been constructed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Evaluation of this system shows inducibility by a variety of carcinogens not detectable by the Ames assay or various other short-term tests. In the light of these results it is tempting to speculate that 'nongenotoxic carcinogens' are in fact genotoxic but, in the past, the tools to measure the genetic alterations they induce have been inappropriate.
为了识别环境致癌物，需要廉价且可靠的短期检测方法，但某些人类或动物致癌物用艾姆斯试验或目前使用的其他短期检测方法作为诱变剂始终无法检测到。因此，需要能够检测出艾姆斯试验遗漏的致癌物的短期检测方法。由于致癌作用与基因组重排相关，已在酿酒酵母中构建了一个筛选导致基因组重排的染色体内重组的系统。对该系统的评估表明，多种致癌物可诱导其发生，而这些致癌物用艾姆斯试验或其他各种短期检测方法无法检测到。鉴于这些结果，很容易推测“非遗传毒性致癌物”实际上具有遗传毒性，但过去用于测量它们所诱导的基因改变的工具并不合适。
