Miller S W
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Radiol Clin North Am. 1989 Nov;27(6):1113-25.
Pericardial disease has a variety of presentations depending upon whether the pericardium is absent, is thickened from inflammation or tumor, or constrains fluid under pressure, thereby restricting cardiac filling and output. The choice of an imaging modality is influenced by a number of factors: the anticipated presence of calcium, cardiac motion, spatial and contrast resolution required, adequate imaging window into the mediastinum, contrast media requirements, and clinical situation. Although many of the imaging modalities discussed herein have common features, some offer unique attributes, namely motion analysis, fat and water discrimination, and calcium detection. The complexity of many pericardial problems plus the risk of pericardial surgery not uncommonly require a multimodality imaging approach for complete definition.
心包疾病有多种表现形式，这取决于心包是否缺失、是否因炎症或肿瘤而增厚，或者是否在压力下限制液体，从而限制心脏充盈和输出。成像方式的选择受多种因素影响：预期是否存在钙化、心脏运动、所需的空间和对比分辨率、进入纵隔的足够成像窗口、造影剂需求以及临床情况。尽管本文讨论的许多成像方式有共同特征，但有些具有独特属性，即运动分析、脂肪和水的辨别以及钙化检测。许多心包问题的复杂性以及心包手术的风险通常需要采用多模态成像方法来进行完整的诊断。
