Heart and Vascular Institute, Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pericardial Disease, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Pericardial Disease Center, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave., Desk J1-5, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
Curr Cardiol Rep. 2019 Apr 16;21(5):41. doi: 10.1007/s11886-019-1115-y.
The diagnosis of pericardial syndromes, while occasionally straightforward, includes a wide range of pathologies and is often a well-recognized clinical challenge. The aim of this review is to highlight the key role of the various imaging modalities for the diagnosis and management of the spectrum of pericardial diseases.
Cardiac imaging has become an integral part of the diagnostic process often beginning with echocardiography and supported by advanced imaging modalities including computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positive emission tomography. These modalities go beyond the simple identification of the pericardium, to identifying increased pericardial thickness, active pericardial edema and inflammation, and its effect on cardiac hemodynamics. Multimodality imaging has significantly facilitated the diagnosis and long-term management of patients with pericardial diseases. The role of these imaging modalities in overall prognosis and prevention remains to be investigated.
心包综合征的诊断虽然偶尔较为直接，但包含了广泛的病理学，并经常是公认的临床挑战。本文的目的在于强调各种成像方式在诊断和处理各种心包疾病谱中的关键作用。
心脏成像已成为诊断过程的一个组成部分，通常从超声心动图开始，并得到包括计算机断层扫描、磁共振成像和正电子发射断层扫描在内的先进成像方式的支持。这些方式不仅能简单识别心包，还能识别心包增厚、活动性心包水肿和炎症，以及它们对心脏血液动力学的影响。多模式成像极大地促进了心包疾病患者的诊断和长期管理。这些成像方式在总体预后和预防中的作用仍有待研究。
