Liang Yinwen, Meng Dan, Zhu Bing, Pan Junmin
MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Cell Mol Life Sci. 2016 May;73(9):1787-802. doi: 10.1007/s00018-016-2148-7. Epub 2016 Feb 11.
As motile organelles and sensors, cilia play pivotal roles in cell physiology, development and organ homeostasis. Ciliary defects are associated with a class of cilia-related diseases or developmental disorders, termed ciliopathies. Even though the presence of cilia is required for diverse functions, cilia can be removed through ciliary shortening or resorption that necessitates disassembly of the cilium, which occurs normally during cell cycle progression, cell differentiation and in response to cellular stress. The functional significance of ciliary resorption is highlighted in controlling the G1-S transition during cell cycle progression. Internal or external cues that trigger ciliary resorption initiate signaling cascades that regulate several downstream events including depolymerization of axonemal microtubules, dynamic changes in actin and the ciliary membrane, regulation of intraflagellar transport and posttranslational modifications of ciliary proteins. To ensure ciliary resorption, both the active disassembly of the cilium and the simultaneous inhibition of ciliary assembly must be coordinately regulated.
作为运动细胞器和传感器，纤毛在细胞生理学、发育和器官稳态中发挥着关键作用。纤毛缺陷与一类称为纤毛病的纤毛相关疾病或发育障碍有关。尽管多种功能都需要纤毛的存在，但纤毛可以通过纤毛缩短或吸收而被去除，这需要纤毛的拆卸，通常发生在细胞周期进程、细胞分化以及对细胞应激的反应过程中。纤毛吸收在控制细胞周期进程中的G1-S转换方面的功能意义得到了凸显。触发纤毛吸收的内部或外部信号会启动信号级联反应，调节几个下游事件，包括轴丝微管的解聚、肌动蛋白和纤毛膜的动态变化、鞭毛内运输的调节以及纤毛蛋白的翻译后修饰。为确保纤毛吸收，纤毛的主动拆卸和纤毛组装的同时抑制必须得到协调调节。
