Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge , Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, United Kingdom.
Environ Sci Technol. 2016 Mar 15;50(6):3002-9. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b05012. Epub 2016 Feb 25.
Recent literature on material flow analysis has been focused on quantitative characterization of past material flows. Fewer analyses exist on past and prospective quantification of stocks of materials in-use. Some of these analyses explore the composition of products' stocks, but a focus on the characterization of material stocks and its relation with service delivery is often neglected. We propose the use of the methods of human demography to characterize material stocks, defined herein as stock demographics, exploring the insights that this approach could provide for the sustainable management of materials. We exemplify an application of stock demographics by characterizing the composition and service delivery of iron, steel, and aluminum stocks of cars in Great Britain, 2002-2012. The results show that in this period the stock has become heavier, it is traveling less, and it is idle for more time. The visualization of material stocks' dynamics demonstrates the pace of product replacement as a function of its usefulness and enables the formulation of policy interventions and the exploration of future trends.
近期关于物质流分析的文献主要集中在对过去物质流的定量描述上。而对过去和未来使用中材料存量的定量分析则较少。其中一些分析探讨了产品存量的构成，但往往忽略了对材料存量的特征及其与服务提供的关系的关注。我们建议使用人口统计学方法来描述材料存量，本文将其定义为存量人口统计学，探索这种方法可以为材料的可持续管理提供哪些见解。我们通过描述英国 2002-2012 年汽车的铁、钢和铝存量的构成和服务提供来举例说明存量人口统计学的应用。结果表明，在这段时间内，存量变得更重，行驶里程减少，闲置时间增加。材料存量动态的可视化展示了产品更换的速度，这是其有用性的函数，并使政策干预的制定和未来趋势的探索成为可能。
