Grunebaum E, Malatzky-Goshen E, Shoenfeld Y
Department of Medicine, Soroka Medical Center, Beer Sheva, Israel.
Immunol Res. 1989;8(4):292-304. doi: 10.1007/BF02935514.
In various autoimmune diseases it appears that NK activity is impaired, and that this phenomenon is significant in disease development. Impairment of NK activity may be the result of two different mechanisms. In systemic autoimmune diseases, in which various target organs are involved (nonorgan-specific), the peripheral blood NK level is generally lower than normal. This most likely allows the expression of autoimmune phenomena such as B cell hyperactivity and polyclonal antibody production, as is seen in SLE, due to a defect in the termination of the immune response. In autoimmune diseases with more localized, organ-specific lesions one can detect increased NK activity at the target organ itself. In these instances, the cytotoxic characteristic of the NK cell is more prominent. This theory explains why both increased and decreased NK activity may be observed in autoimmune diseases. In some disorders in which decreased NK activity was suspected of being crucial, immunomodulators, known to increase NK activity, were administered. Yet it is still difficult to separate the NK activity from the effect of the remaining immune system.
在各种自身免疫性疾病中，自然杀伤细胞（NK）活性似乎受损，且这种现象在疾病发展过程中具有重要意义。NK活性受损可能是两种不同机制导致的结果。在累及多个靶器官的系统性自身免疫性疾病（非器官特异性）中，外周血NK水平通常低于正常。这很可能由于免疫反应终止存在缺陷，从而使得自身免疫现象得以表现，如B细胞活性亢进和多克隆抗体产生，系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）中所见即如此。在具有更局限性、器官特异性病变的自身免疫性疾病中，可在靶器官本身检测到NK活性增加。在这些情况下，NK细胞的细胞毒性特征更为突出。该理论解释了为何在自身免疫性疾病中可能观察到NK活性增加和降低两种情况。在一些怀疑NK活性降低起关键作用的疾病中，给予了已知可增加NK活性的免疫调节剂。然而，将NK活性与免疫系统其他部分的作用区分开来仍然困难。
