Immunology and Cancer Pharmacology Group, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
Immunology and Cancer Pharmacology Group, State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
Cancer Lett. 2016 Apr 28;374(1):54-61. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.02.006. Epub 2016 Feb 12.
Diabetes mellitus is a serious and growing health problem worldwide and is associated with severe acute and chronic complications. Accruing epidemiological and clinical evidence have suggested that an increased cancer incidence is associated with diabetes as well as certain diabetes risk factors and diabetes medications. Several pathophysiological mechanisms for this relationship have been postulated, including insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, enhanced inflammation, aberrant metabolic state, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and deregulation of autophagy. In addition to these potential mechanisms, a number of common risk factors, including obesity, may be behind the association between diabetes and cancer. Furthermore, different anti-diabetic medications may modify cancer risk and mortality in patients with diabetes. This Review discusses evidence to support the relationship between diabetes and cancer development as well as the underlying mechanisms. We also discuss the relationship of current diabetes treatments and cancer risk or prognosis. Understanding the mechanisms that connect type 2 diabetes or diabetes treatments to cancer are crucial for establishing the fundamental strategies concerning about primary prevention, early detection and effective therapy against these diseases.
糖尿病是全球范围内一个严重且日益严重的健康问题，与严重的急性和慢性并发症有关。越来越多的流行病学和临床证据表明，癌症发病率的增加与糖尿病以及某些糖尿病危险因素和糖尿病药物有关。已经提出了几种与这种关系相关的病理生理机制，包括胰岛素抵抗和高胰岛素血症、增强的炎症、代谢状态异常、内质网应激和自噬失调。除了这些潜在的机制外，肥胖等一些共同的危险因素可能是糖尿病与癌症之间关联的原因。此外，不同的抗糖尿病药物可能会改变糖尿病患者的癌症风险和死亡率。本综述讨论了支持糖尿病与癌症发展之间关系以及潜在机制的证据。我们还讨论了当前糖尿病治疗与癌症风险或预后的关系。了解将 2 型糖尿病或糖尿病治疗与癌症联系起来的机制对于制定有关这些疾病的初级预防、早期发现和有效治疗的基本策略至关重要。
