卡特里娜飓风过后新奥尔良人口的长期恢复情况。
The Long Term Recovery of New Orleans' Population after Hurricane Katrina.
作者信息
Fussell Elizabeth
机构信息
Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
出版信息
Am Behav Sci. 2015 Sep;59(10):1231-1245. doi: 10.1177/0002764215591181. Epub 2015 Jun 17.
Abstract
Hurricane Katrina created a catastrophe in the city of New Orleans when the storm surge caused the levee system to fail on August 29, 2005. The destruction of housing displaced hundreds of thousands of residents for varying lengths of time, often permanently. It also revealed gaps in our knowledge of how population is recovered after a disaster causes widespread destruction of urban infrastructure, housing and workplaces, and how mechanisms driving housing recovery often produce unequal social, spatial and temporal population recovery. In this article, I assemble social, spatial and temporal explanatory frameworks for housing and population recovery and then review research on mobility - both evacuation and migration - after Hurricane Katrina. The review reveals a need for a comprehensive social, spatial and temporal framework for explaining inequality in population recovery and displacement. It also shows how little is known about in-migrants and permanent out-migrants after a disaster.
摘要
2005年8月29日，卡特里娜飓风引发风暴潮，致使新奥尔良市的防洪堤系统失灵，从而酿成一场灾难。房屋被毁，数十万居民被迫离开家园，时间长短不一，很多人甚至永远流离失所。这也暴露出我们在以下方面的知识空白：灾难对城市基础设施、住房和工作场所造成广泛破坏后，人口如何恢复；推动住房恢复的机制又如何常常导致社会、空间和时间上的人口恢复不平等。在本文中，我构建了住房和人口恢复的社会、空间和时间解释框架，然后回顾了卡特里娜飓风过后有关人口流动——包括疏散和迁移——的研究。该回顾揭示，需要一个全面的社会、空间和时间框架来解释人口恢复和流离失所中的不平等现象。它还表明，对于灾难后的迁入者和永久迁出者，我们知之甚少。
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