Sahu S S, Gunasekaran K, Vijayakumar T, Jambulingam P
Vector Control Research Centre (ICMR), Puducherry, India.
Indian J Med Res. 2015 Dec;142 Suppl(Suppl 1):S59-63. doi: 10.4103/0971-5916.176621.
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: In Odisha State, the control of malaria vectors has become dependent on synthetic pyrethroids, which are used for treatment of all approved long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs). The vast use of just one class of insecticide has led to the problem of resistance to insecticides in malaria vectors. One of the major malaria vectors in Odisha State is Anopheles culicifacies Giles. The aim of this study was to determine the resistance status of An. culicifacies to deltamethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid and other common insecticides used by the National Vector Borne Diseases Control Programme (NVBDCP) for indoor residual spraying in Odisha State.
Mosquitoes were collected during April 2014 - June 2014 from 15 randomly selected villages in five p0 lasmodium falciparum endemic southern districts of Odisha State. The blood-fed wild caught females were exposed to the diagnostic dosage of DDT (4.0%), malathion (5.0%) and deltamethrin (0.05%) for one hour. Mortality was recorded at 24 h after the exposure.
Results indicated that An. culicifacies was resistant to all the three insecticides used in the malaria control programme in the five districts of Odisha State.
INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: Resistance management strategy by appropriate rotation of different groups of insecticides including carbamates and incorporating a synergist with synthetic pyrethroids for treating mosquito nets should be considered for the control of malaria vectors in the area, especially where An. culicifacies is predominant. Periodical monitoring of susceptibility/resistance status of An. culicifacies to different insecticides is warranted.
在奥里萨邦，疟疾媒介的控制已依赖于拟除虫菊酯类合成杀虫剂，所有经批准的长效驱虫蚊帐（LLINs）均使用此类杀虫剂。仅使用一类杀虫剂的广泛应用导致了疟疾媒介对杀虫剂产生抗性的问题。奥里萨邦主要的疟疾媒介之一是库氏按蚊（Anopheles culicifacies Giles）。本研究的目的是确定库氏按蚊对溴氰菊酯（一种拟除虫菊酯类合成杀虫剂）以及国家媒介传播疾病控制项目（NVBDCP）在奥里萨邦用于室内滞留喷洒的其他常用杀虫剂的抗性状况。
于2014年4月至2014年6月期间，从奥里萨邦南部五个恶性疟原虫流行区随机选取的15个村庄采集蚊子。将吸食血液的野外捕获雌蚊暴露于诊断剂量的滴滴涕（4.0%）、马拉硫磷（5.0%）和溴氰菊酯（0.05%）中1小时。暴露24小时后记录死亡率。
结果表明，在奥里萨邦的五个地区，库氏按蚊对疟疾控制项目中使用的所有三种杀虫剂均具有抗性。
对于该地区疟疾媒介的控制，尤其是在库氏按蚊占主导的地区，应考虑通过适当轮换包括氨基甲酸酯类在内的不同组杀虫剂以及在处理蚊帐时将增效剂与拟除虫菊酯类合成杀虫剂结合使用的抗性管理策略。有必要定期监测库氏按蚊对不同杀虫剂的易感性/抗性状况。
