Sheehan Brynn E, Linden-Carmichael Ashley N, Lau-Barraco Cathy
Old Dominion University, Mills Godwin Building, Norfolk, VA 23529-0267, USA.
Old Dominion University, Mills Godwin Building, Norfolk, VA 23529-0267, USA; Virginia Consortium Program in Clinical Psychology, 700 Park Avenue/MCAR-410, Norfolk, VA 23504, USA.
Addict Behav. 2016 Jul;58:53-9. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.02.002. Epub 2016 Feb 9.
Research shows that heavier alcohol use is associated with physical aggression. Scant research has examined the way in which alcohol relates to other forms of aggression, such as indirect aggression (e.g., malicious humor, social exclusion). Given the possible negative consequences of indirect aggression and the limited evidence suggesting alcohol use can elicit indirectly aggressive responses, research is needed to further investigate the association between drinking behavior and indirect aggression. Additionally, specific alcoholic beverages, such as caffeinated alcoholic beverages (CABs; e.g., Red Bull and vodka), may potentiate aggression above the influence of typical use, and thus warrant examination with regard to indirect aggression. One factor that may impact the strength of the alcohol-indirect aggression and CAB-indirect aggression relationships is one's level of self-regulation. Consequently, our study examined the relationships between (1) alcohol use and indirect aggression, (2) CAB use and indirect aggression, and (3) self-regulation as a moderator. Participants were 733 (67.6% female) undergraduate students who reported their CAB and alcohol use, self-regulation, and aggressive behaviors. Results revealed that heavier alcohol use was associated with more frequent indirect aggression after controlling for dispositional aggression. Heavier CAB use was related to more frequent indirect aggression after accounting for typical use and dispositional aggression. Self-regulation moderated these associations such that for those with lower self-regulation, greater alcohol and CAB consumption was associated with greater indirect aggression. Our findings suggest that heavier alcohol and CAB consumption may be risk factors for engaging in indirect aggression and this risk is impacted by one's regulatory control.
研究表明，大量饮酒与身体攻击行为有关。很少有研究考察酒精与其他形式攻击行为的关联方式，比如间接攻击（例如，恶意幽默、社会排斥）。鉴于间接攻击可能带来的负面后果，以及表明饮酒会引发间接攻击反应的证据有限，需要开展研究以进一步探究饮酒行为与间接攻击之间的关联。此外，特定的酒精饮料，如有咖啡因的酒精饮料（CABs；例如，红牛兑伏特加），可能会在典型饮酒影响之上增强攻击性，因此在间接攻击方面值得研究。一个可能影响酒精 - 间接攻击关系以及CAB - 间接攻击关系强度的因素是一个人的自我调节水平。因此，我们的研究考察了以下几方面的关系：（1）饮酒与间接攻击，（2）饮用CABs与间接攻击，以及（3）自我调节作为调节变量。参与者为733名本科生（67.6%为女性），他们报告了自己饮用CABs和酒精的情况、自我调节能力以及攻击行为。结果显示，在控制了特质攻击后，大量饮酒与更频繁的间接攻击有关。在考虑了典型饮酒情况和特质攻击后，大量饮用CABs与更频繁的间接攻击有关。自我调节对这些关联起到调节作用，即对于自我调节能力较低的人，更多的酒精和CABs消费与更严重的间接攻击有关。我们的研究结果表明，大量饮酒和饮用CABs可能是参与间接攻击的风险因素，而且这种风险会受到一个人调节控制能力的影响。
