Liu Qian, Wang Jin-hui, Li Xiao-yu, Cen Shan
Department of Immunology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese academy of Medical Sciences &
Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences &
Yi Chuan. 2016 Feb;38(2):93-102. doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.15-470.
LINE-1 is the only currently known active autonomous transposon in humans with an estimated 500 000 copies representing 17% of the human genome. LINE-1 propagates itself through a process called retrotransposition, which includes transcription and reverstranscription, to produce new DNA copies. The new produced DNA copies can integrate into new genomic loci. The insertion of LINE-1 is able to cause genetic instability by affecting the expression or regulation of the nearby genes, thus causing dozens of genetic diseases or tumors. In this review, we summarize the recent research progress on the connection between LINE-1 retrotransposition and human tumorigenesis, which might shed light on the biology mechanisms and treatment of the tumorigenesis.
LINE-1是目前已知的人类中唯一活跃的自主转座子，估计有500,000个拷贝，占人类基因组的17%。LINE-1通过一种称为逆转座的过程进行自我增殖，该过程包括转录和逆转录，以产生新的DNA拷贝。新产生的DNA拷贝可以整合到新的基因组位点。LINE-1的插入能够通过影响附近基因的表达或调控而导致遗传不稳定，从而引发数十种遗传疾病或肿瘤。在本综述中，我们总结了LINE-1逆转座与人类肿瘤发生之间联系的最新研究进展，这可能为肿瘤发生的生物学机制和治疗提供线索。
