Lelong Helene, Blacher Jacques, Menai Mehdi, Galan Pilar, Fezeu Leopold, Hercberg Serge, Kesse-Guyot Emmanuelle
Paris-Descartes University, Faculty of Medicine, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, Paris, France; Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit) - U557 INSERM, U1125 INRA, CNAM, CRNH IdF , Bobigny, France;
Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité University, UREN (Nutritional Epidemiology Research Unit) - U557 INSERM, U1125 INRA, CNAM, CRNH IdF , Bobigny, France;
Am J Hypertens. 2016 Aug;29(8):948-58. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpw017. Epub 2016 Feb 22.
Adopting a healthy diet like the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) or Mediterranean diet (MD) represents a major lifestyle for blood pressure (BP) control in general population. Nutritional policies, such as the French Nutrition and Health Program (Programme National Nutrition Santé or PNNS), have been implemented in several countries with the aims of preventing chronic diseases. The objective of our study was to investigate association between BP and adherence to PNNS guidelines compared with adherence to DASH or MD.
We conducted a cross-sectional study in 11,302 untreated participants from the NutriNet-Santé study, a French web-based cohort study. Three validated scores reflecting adherence to PNNS guidelines, DASH diet, and MD were calculated from repeated 24-hour records. Three BP measurements using a standardized protocol were collected. Multivariate linear models were used to assess the associations between the dietary scores and BP.
In women, independent of age, socioeconomic status, body mass index, tobacco use, alcohol consumption, and physical activity, adherence to PNNS guidelines was inversely significantly associated with systolic BP (β = -0.63, P < 0.0001). This association was of similar amplitude that between BP and adherence to DASH-style diet (β = -0.66, P < 0.0001) or MD (β = -0.63, P = 0.0002). No significant association was found in men.
Adherence to French nutritional recommendations was found negatively associated with BP at the same magnitude as adherence to well-known dietary pattern in the prevention and treatment of hypertension.
采用健康饮食，如终止高血压膳食方法（DASH）或地中海饮食（MD），是一般人群控制血压的主要生活方式。一些国家已实施营养政策，如法国营养与健康计划（Programme National Nutrition Santé，简称PNNS），旨在预防慢性病。我们研究的目的是调查与遵循DASH或MD相比，血压与遵循PNNS指南之间的关联。
我们对来自NutriNet-Santé研究的11302名未接受治疗的参与者进行了一项横断面研究，该研究是一项基于网络的法国队列研究。根据重复的24小时记录计算出反映对PNNS指南、DASH饮食和MD遵循情况的三个有效分数。使用标准化方案收集三次血压测量值。采用多变量线性模型评估饮食分数与血压之间的关联。
在女性中，独立于年龄、社会经济地位、体重指数、吸烟、饮酒和体育活动，遵循PNNS指南与收缩压呈显著负相关（β = -0.63，P < 0.0001）。这种关联的幅度与血压和遵循DASH式饮食（β = -0.66，P < 0.0001）或MD（β = -0.63，P = 0.0002）之间的关联相似。在男性中未发现显著关联。
在高血压的预防和治疗中，发现遵循法国营养建议与血压呈负相关，其程度与遵循知名饮食模式相同。
