Hilt Lori M, Leitzke Brian T, Pollak Seth D
a Department of Psychology , Lawrence University , Appleton , Wisconsin , USA.
b Department of Psychology , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin , USA.
J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2017 Nov-Dec;46(6):858-867. doi: 10.1080/15374416.2015.1121824. Epub 2016 Feb 24.
Rumination, a cognitive process that involves passively, repetitively focusing on negative feelings and their meaning, is a transdiagnostic risk factor for psychopathology. Research with adults has suggested that attentional control difficulties may underlie rumination, but questions remain about the nature of these processes. Furthermore, the relationship between attentional control and rumination in youth has received little empirical examination. In the present study, 92 youth (ages 9-14; 72% girls; 74% Caucasian) reported on their trait rumination and internalizing symptoms. They also completed a 1,500 ms emotional-faces dot-probe task while their eye movements were measured to examine overt visual attention with high temporal precision. Youth's rumination was associated with greater dwell on emotional faces but not with initial orientation. These findings suggest that rumination is associated with increased attention to emotional information during the later stages of selective attention rather than earlier orienting to emotional cues. Implications for prevention and treatment of psychopathology are discussed.
反刍思维是一种认知过程，涉及被动、反复地关注负面情绪及其意义，是精神病理学的一种跨诊断风险因素。针对成年人的研究表明，注意力控制困难可能是反刍思维的潜在原因，但这些过程的本质仍存在疑问。此外，青少年注意力控制与反刍思维之间的关系很少得到实证检验。在本研究中，92名青少年（9至14岁；72%为女孩；74%为白种人）报告了他们的特质反刍思维和内化症状。他们还完成了一项1500毫秒的情绪化面孔点探测任务，同时测量他们的眼动，以高精度检查明显的视觉注意力。青少年的反刍思维与对情绪化面孔的更多凝视有关，但与初始定向无关。这些发现表明，反刍思维与选择性注意后期对情绪信息的注意力增加有关，而不是早期对情绪线索的定向有关。文中讨论了对精神病理学预防和治疗的启示。
