Marlow Florence
Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
F1000Res. 2015 Dec 16;4. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.6995.1. eCollection 2015.
Primordial germ cells are the progenitor cells that give rise to the gametes. In some animals, the germline is induced by zygotic transcription factors, whereas in others, primordial germ cell specification occurs via inheritance of maternally provided gene products known as germ plasm. Once specified, the primordial germ cells of some animals must acquire motility and migrate to the gonad in order to survive. In all animals examined, perinuclear structures called germ granules form within germ cells. This review focuses on some of the recent studies, conducted by several groups using diverse systems, from invertebrates to vertebrates, which have provided mechanistic insight into the molecular regulation of germ cell specification and migration.
原始生殖细胞是产生配子的祖细胞。在一些动物中，生殖系由合子转录因子诱导产生，而在其他动物中，原始生殖细胞的特化是通过遗传母体提供的称为生殖质的基因产物来实现的。一旦特化，一些动物的原始生殖细胞必须获得运动能力并迁移到性腺才能存活。在所有被研究的动物中，生殖细胞内会形成一种称为生殖颗粒的核周结构。本综述重点介绍了几个研究小组利用从无脊椎动物到脊椎动物的各种系统进行的一些最新研究，这些研究为生殖细胞特化和迁移的分子调控提供了机制上的见解。
