Sharp R L, Costill D L
Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1989 Oct;21(5):576-80.
Nine male collegiate swimmers (EXP) were studied 8 d before (PRE) and 1 d after (POST) shaving the hair from their arms, legs, and exposed trunk. A control group (CON, N = 4) of their teammates was also tested at these times but did not remove body hair. In PRE and POST, distance per stroke (SL), VO2, heart rate (HR), and post-swim blood lactate concentration (BL) were measured during a 365.8 m breaststroke swim at approximately 90% effort. Subjects also performed a tethered breaststroke swim with retarding forces of 6.27, 7.75, and 9.26 kg. The EXP group experienced a significant (P less than 0.05) reduction in BL (mean +/- SE: 8.48 +/- 0.78 to 6.74 +/- 0.74 mmol.l-1), a decreased VO2 (3.60 +/- 0.15 to 3.27 +/- 0.14 l.min-1), an increase in SL (2.07 +/- 0.08 to 2.31 +/- 0.10 m.stroke-1), and an insignificant (P = 0.08) decline in HR (174 +/- 5 to 168 +/- 4 beats.min-1) during the free swim. The CON group showed no changes in BL, SL, or HR. During the tethered swim, there were no significant PRE-POST differences in VO2, HR, or BL for either group. In a separate group of swimmers (nine who shaved body hair and nine controls), removing body hair significantly reduced the rate of velocity decay during a prone glide after a maximal underwater leg push-off. It is concluded that removing body hair reduces active drag, thereby decreasing the physiological cost of swimming.
对9名男性大学生游泳运动员（实验组）进行了研究，在他们刮去手臂、腿部和暴露的躯干毛发前8天（PRE）和后1天（POST）进行测试。他们的4名队友组成对照组（CON），在相同时间进行测试，但不剃除身体毛发。在PRE和POST阶段，在以约90%的强度进行365.8米蛙泳时，测量每划距离（SL）、摄氧量（VO2）、心率（HR）和游泳后血乳酸浓度（BL）。受试者还进行了带6.27、7.75和9.26千克阻力的系留式蛙泳。实验组的BL显著降低（P<0.05）（均值±标准误：从8.48±0.78降至6.74±0.74毫摩尔/升），VO2降低（从3.60±0.15降至3.27±0.14升/分钟），SL增加（从2.07±0.08增至2.31±0.10米/划），自由泳时HR有不显著的下降（P = 0.08）（从174±5降至168±4次/分钟）。对照组的BL、SL或HR无变化。在系留式游泳期间，两组的VO2、HR或BL在PRE和POST阶段均无显著差异。在另一组游泳运动员中（9名剃毛者和9名对照者），剃除身体毛发显著降低了最大水下蹬腿后俯卧滑行时的速度衰减率。得出的结论是，剃除身体毛发可减少主动阻力，从而降低游泳的生理成本。
