Kim Su-Hyun, Kwak Kichang, Jeong In Hye, Hyun Jae-Won, Jo Hyo-Jin, Joung AeRan, Yu Eun-Seung, Kim Ji-Hee, Lee Sang Hyun, Yun Sooin, Joo Jungnam, Lee Dong-Kyun, Lee Jong-Min, Kim Ho Jin
Department of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Mult Scler. 2016 Dec;22(14):1850-1858. doi: 10.1177/1352458516636246. Epub 2016 Feb 26.
To compare the frequency and pattern of cognitive impairment (CI) between patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS).
A total of 82 NMOSD patients, 58 MS patients, and 45 healthy controls (HCs) underwent a neuropsychological assessment.
CI was observed in 29% of NMOSD and 50% of MS patients (p < 0.001); CI was considered present if a patient scored lower than the fifth percentile compared with HCs in at least three domains. A lower frequency of CI was consistently found when CI was indicated by at least two failed tests (p < 0.001). MS patients performed worse than did NMOSD patients on verbal learning and verbal and visual memory tests. Levels of education and depression and the interval from disease onset to treatment were associated with a negative influence on cognition in patients with NMOSD.
CI in patients with NMOSD may be not as common as in patients with MS. MS patients exhibited severe impairment, particularly on learning and memory tests, compared with NMOSD patients. Differential prevalence and patterns of CI between NMOSD and MS patients suggest that the two diseases have different mechanisms of brain injury.
比较视神经脊髓炎谱系障碍（NMOSD）患者和多发性硬化症（MS）患者认知障碍（CI）的频率和模式。
共82例NMOSD患者、58例MS患者和45例健康对照（HCs）接受了神经心理学评估。
29%的NMOSD患者和50%的MS患者存在CI（p < 0.001）；如果患者在至少三个领域的得分低于与HCs相比的第五百分位数，则认为存在CI。当至少两项测试未通过表明存在CI时，CI的频率始终较低（p < 0.001）。在言语学习以及言语和视觉记忆测试中，MS患者的表现比NMOSD患者差。教育水平、抑郁程度以及从疾病发作到治疗的间隔时间对NMOSD患者的认知有负面影响。
NMOSD患者的CI可能不如MS患者常见。与NMOSD患者相比，MS患者表现出严重的损伤，尤其是在学习和记忆测试中。NMOSD和MS患者之间CI的患病率和模式差异表明这两种疾病具有不同的脑损伤机制。
