Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroimmunology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2016 Apr;16(4):36. doi: 10.1007/s11910-016-0637-6.
Vaccinations help prevent communicable disease. To be valuable, a vaccine's ability to prevent disease must exceed the risk of adverse effects from administration. Many vaccines present no risk of infection as they are comprised of killed or non-infectious components while other vaccines consist of live attenuated microorganisms which carry a potential risk of infection-particularly, in patients with compromised immunity. There are several unique considerations with respect to vaccination in the multiple sclerosis (MS) population. First, there has been concern that vaccination may trigger or aggravate the disease. Second, disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) employed in the treatment of MS may increase the risk of infectious complications from vaccines or alter their efficacy. Lastly, in some cases, vaccination strategies may be part of the treatment paradigm in attempts to avoid complications of therapy.
疫苗接种有助于预防传染病。为了具有价值，疫苗预防疾病的能力必须超过因接种而产生不良反应的风险。许多疫苗不会有感染的风险，因为它们由被杀死或无传染性的成分组成，而其他疫苗则由减毒活微生物组成，这些微生物具有感染的潜在风险，特别是在免疫功能受损的患者中。多发性硬化症（MS）患者的疫苗接种有几个独特的考虑因素。首先，人们担心疫苗接种可能会引发或加重疾病。其次，用于治疗多发性硬化症的疾病修正疗法（DMT）可能会增加疫苗引起感染并发症的风险或改变其疗效。最后，在某些情况下，疫苗接种策略可能是治疗方案的一部分，以避免治疗的并发症。
