Hubbard Katherine, Hegarty Peter
J Hist Behav Sci. 2016 Spring;52(2):146-66. doi: 10.1002/jhbs.21776. Epub 2016 Feb 28.
Despite the easily recognizable nature of the Rorschach ink blot test very little is known about the history of the test in Britain. We attend to the oft-ignored history of the Rorschach test in Britain and compare it to its history in the US. Prior to the Second World War, Rorschach testing in Britain had attracted advocates and critiques. Afterward, the British Rorschach Forum, a network with a high proportion of women, developed around the Tavistock Institute in London and The Rorschach Newsletter. In 1968, the International Rorschach Congress was held in London but soon after the group became less exclusive, and fell into decline. A comparative account of the Rorschach in Britain demonstrates how different national institutions invested in the 'projective hypothesis' according to the influence of psychoanalysis, the adoption of a nationalized health system, and the social positioning of 'others' throughout the twentieth century. In comparing and contrasting the history of the Rorschach in Britain and the US, we decentralize and particularize the history of North American Psychology.
尽管罗夏墨迹测验的性质易于辨认，但人们对该测验在英国的历史却知之甚少。我们关注罗夏测验在英国常被忽视的历史，并将其与在美国的历史进行比较。第二次世界大战之前，罗夏测验在英国就已经吸引了支持者和批评者。战后，英国罗夏论坛在伦敦的塔维斯托克研究所和《罗夏通讯》周围发展起来，该网络中女性比例很高。1968年，国际罗夏大会在伦敦举行，但此后该组织的排他性降低，并逐渐衰落。对英国罗夏测验的比较说明展示了不同的国家机构如何根据精神分析的影响、国家医疗体系的采用以及整个二十世纪“他者”的社会定位，对“投射假设”进行投资。在比较和对比罗夏测验在英国和美国的历史时，我们使北美心理学的历史去中心化并具体化。
