Nanobiomaterials Laboratory, Applied Biotechnology Institute (CINDEFI, UNLP-CONICET CCT La Plata), Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CP 1900 AJL Ciudad de La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 # 70-01, Medellín, Colombia.
Bioresour Technol. 2016 Aug;213:172-180. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.071. Epub 2016 Feb 23.
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an extracellular polymer produced by many microorganisms. The Komagataeibacter genus is the best producer using semi-synthetic media and agricultural wastes. The main advantages of BC are the nanoporous structure, high water content and free hydroxyl groups. Modification of BC can be made by two strategies: in-situ, during the BC production, and ex-situ after BC purification. In bioprocesses, multilayer BC nanocomposites can contain biocatalysts designed to be suitable for outside to inside cell activities. These nanocomposites biocatalysts can (i) increase productivity in bioreactors and bioprocessing, (ii) provide cell activities does not possess without DNA cloning and (iii) provide novel nano-carriers for cell inside activity and bioprocessing. In nanomedicine, BC matrices containing therapeutic molecules can be used for pathologies like skin burns, and implantable therapeutic devices. In nanoelectronics, semiconductors BC-based using salts and synthetic polymers brings novel films showing excellent optical and photochemical properties.
细菌纤维素（BC）是许多微生物产生的细胞外聚合物。Komagataeibacter 属是使用半合成培养基和农业废物的最佳生产者。BC 的主要优点是纳米多孔结构、高含水量和游离羟基。BC 的改性可以通过两种策略进行：原位，即在 BC 生产过程中，和在位，即在 BC 纯化后。在生物工艺中，多层 BC 纳米复合材料可以包含设计为适合细胞外到细胞内活动的生物催化剂。这些纳米复合材料生物催化剂可以（i）提高生物反应器和生物加工的生产力，（ii）提供没有 DNA 克隆就无法获得的细胞活性，和（iii）为细胞内活动和生物加工提供新型纳米载体。在纳米医学中，含有治疗分子的 BC 基质可用于治疗皮肤烧伤等疾病，以及可植入的治疗装置。在纳米电子学中，使用盐和合成聚合物的基于 BC 的半导体带来了具有优异光学和光化学性质的新型薄膜。
