Wilson T G, Miller R J, Trushkowsky R, Dard M
Private practice, Dallas, TX, USA.
Private practice, Plantation, FL, USA.
Adv Dent Res. 2016 Mar;28(1):4-9. doi: 10.1177/0022034516628868.
The most common approach to lessen treatment times is by decreasing the healing period during which osseointegration is established. Implant design parameters such as implant surface, primary stability, thread configuration, body shape, and the type of bone have to be considered to obtain this objective. The relationship that exists between these components will define the initial stability of the implant. It is believed implant sites using a tapered design and surface modification can increase the primary stability in low-density bone. Furthermore, recent experimental preclinical work has shown the possibility of attaining primary stability of immediately loaded, tapered dental implants without compromising healing and rapid bone formation while minimizing the implant stability loss at compression sites. This may be of singular importance with immediate/early functional loading of single implants placed in poor-quality bone. The selection of an implant that will provide adequate stability in bone of poor quality is important. A tapered-screw implant design will provide adequate stability because it creates pressure on cortical bone in areas of reduced bone quality. Building on the success of traditional tapered implant therapy, newer tapered implant designs should aim to maximize the clinical outcome by implementing new technologies with adapted clinical workflows.
缩短治疗时间最常见的方法是减少骨整合建立所需的愈合期。为实现这一目标，必须考虑种植体设计参数，如种植体表面、初期稳定性、螺纹结构、主体形状和骨的类型。这些组成部分之间的关系将决定种植体的初期稳定性。据信，采用锥形设计和表面改性的种植部位可提高低密度骨中的初期稳定性。此外，最近的临床前实验工作表明，对于即刻加载的锥形牙种植体，有可能在不影响愈合和快速骨形成的情况下实现初期稳定性，同时在压缩部位将种植体稳定性损失降至最低。对于植入质量较差骨中的单颗种植体进行即刻/早期功能加载时，这可能具有特别重要的意义。选择一种能在质量较差的骨中提供足够稳定性的种植体很重要。锥形螺钉种植体设计将提供足够的稳定性，因为它会在骨质量降低的区域对皮质骨产生压力。基于传统锥形种植体治疗的成功经验，新型锥形种植体设计应通过采用适应临床工作流程的新技术，力求使临床效果最大化。
