Civitarese David, Donahue Tammy L Haut, LaPrade Christopher M, Saroki Adriana J, Moulton Samuel G, Schon Jason M, LaPrade Robert F
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Steadman Philippon Research Institute, 181 West Meadow Drive Suite 1000, Vail, CO, 81657, USA.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State University, Building A106 Engineering, Fort Collins, CO, 80523, USA.
J Exp Orthop. 2016 Dec;3(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s40634-016-0046-4. Epub 2016 Feb 29.
The purpose of this study was to quantify the meniscal root anatomy of the New Zealand white rabbit to better understand this animal model for future in vitro and in vivo joint degeneration studies.
Ten non-paired fresh frozen New Zealand white rabbit knee stifle joints were carefully disarticulated for this study. Measurements were made for all bony landmarks and ligamentous structure attachment sites on the tibial plateau. The following soft tissue structures were consistently identified in the rabbit stifle joint: the anterior root attachment of the lateral meniscus, the anterior root attachment of the medial meniscus, the anterior cruciate ligament, the posterior root attachment of the medial meniscus, the ligament of Wrisberg, the posterior cruciate ligament, and the posterior meniscotibial ligament. The following bony landmarks were consistently identified: the extensor digitorum longus groove, the medial tibial eminence, the center of the tibial tuberosity, and the lateral tibial eminence.
The center of the anterior cruciate ligament and the medial tibial eminence apex were found to be 3.4 ± 0.3 mm (2.9-3.6) and 6.1 ± 0.6 mm (5.1-7.0) respectively from the center of the medical anterior root attachment. The center of the anterior cruciate ligament and the lateral tibial eminence apex were found to be 2.1 ± 0.5 mm (1.2-2.7) and 7.0 ± 0.6 mm (6.4-8.2) respectively from the center of the lateral anterior root attachment. The center of the posterior cruciate ligament and the medial tibial eminence apex were found to be 2.0 ± 0.7 mm (0.5-2.6) and 1.8 ± 0.4 mm (1.2-2.4) respectively from the center of the medial posterior root attachment.
This study augments our understanding of the comparative anatomy of the rabbit stifle joint. This information will be useful for future biomechanical, surgical, and in vitro studies utilizing the rabbit stifle as a model for human knee joint degenerative diseases.
本研究的目的是量化新西兰白兔的半月板根部解剖结构，以便更好地理解这种动物模型，用于未来的体外和体内关节退变研究。
本研究仔细分离了10个非配对的新鲜冷冻新西兰白兔膝关节。对胫骨平台上的所有骨性标志和韧带结构附着点进行了测量。在兔膝关节中始终能识别出以下软组织结构：外侧半月板前根附着点、内侧半月板前根附着点、前交叉韧带、内侧半月板后根附着点、Wrisberg韧带、后交叉韧带和后半月板胫骨韧带。始终能识别出以下骨性标志：趾长伸肌沟、胫骨内侧隆起、胫骨结节中心和胫骨外侧隆起。
发现前交叉韧带中心和胫骨内侧隆起顶点分别距离内侧前根附着点中心3.4±0.3毫米（2.9 - 3.6）和6.1±0.6毫米（5.1 - 7.0）。发现前交叉韧带中心和胫骨外侧隆起顶点分别距离外侧前根附着点中心2.1±0.5毫米（1.2 - 2.7）和7.0±0.6毫米（6.4 - 8.2）。发现后交叉韧带中心和胫骨内侧隆起顶点分别距离内侧后根附着点中心2.0±0.7毫米（0.5 - 2.6）和1.8±0.4毫米（1.2 - 2.4）。
本研究增进了我们对兔膝关节比较解剖学的理解。这些信息将有助于未来利用兔膝关节作为人类膝关节退行性疾病模型的生物力学、外科和体外研究。
