García-Escamilla Esther, Rodríguez-Martín Beatriz, Martínez-Vizcaíno Vicente
University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain.
University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain; Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Chile.
Health (London). 2017 Jan;21(1):93-115. doi: 10.1177/1363459316633281. Epub 2016 Jul 24.
Acupuncture is the most widespread practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Western world. This confers special relevance to the experiences and circumstances of life to explain the health-illness process. Recent research has reported an increasing interest of Western health professionals in its practice. The aim of this study was to map and understand the motivation of health professionals to study and practise acupuncture in Spain. A total of 27 in-depth interviews were conducted with Spanish health professionals trained in acupuncture. Participants were selected following a theoretical sampling. Grounded theory dimensional analysis guided this research in order to obtain a theoretical explanation of the motivations of health professionals to study and practise acupuncture. Their motivations were focused on six categories: humanisation of medicine, acquiring additional therapeutic resources, efficacy and far-reaching healing potential of acupuncture, attraction to acupuncture philosophy, external influences (other professionals and relevant sources of information) and work-related motivation. Our results show that health professionals were attracted to acupuncture because of the Traditional Chinese Medicine worldview (a philosophical approach) and therapeutic benefits of acupuncture (a practical approach). Acupuncture offers the possibility to improve the healthcare assistance by transcending the reification of human beings resulting from the pre-eminence of the biomedical paradigm and facilitating cooperation between disciplines. Participants consider acupuncture as a complete medicine, not merely as a technique, and highlight the importance of traditional Chinese concepts to practise it.
针灸是传统中医在西方世界最为广泛应用的疗法。这赋予了生活经历和境遇特殊的相关性，用以解释健康与疾病的过程。近期研究报告称，西方医疗专业人员对其应用的兴趣日益浓厚。本研究旨在梳理并理解西班牙医疗专业人员学习和实践针灸的动机。对27名接受过针灸培训的西班牙医疗专业人员进行了深入访谈。参与者是按照理论抽样选取的。扎根理论维度分析指导了本研究，以便获得对医疗专业人员学习和实践针灸动机的理论解释。他们的动机集中在六个类别：医学的人性化、获取额外的治疗资源、针灸的疗效和深远的治愈潜力、对针灸理念的吸引力、外部影响（其他专业人员和相关信息来源）以及与工作相关的动机。我们的研究结果表明，医疗专业人员被针灸所吸引，是因为中医的世界观（一种哲学方法）以及针灸的治疗益处（一种实践方法）。针灸提供了超越生物医学范式主导所导致的人的物化、促进学科间合作从而改善医疗保健服务的可能性。参与者将针灸视为一门完整的医学，而不仅仅是一种技术，并强调中医传统概念对实践针灸的重要性。
