肌球蛋白因其多样的细胞功能而产生的动力学适应性
Kinetic Adaptations of Myosins for Their Diverse Cellular Functions.
作者信息
Heissler Sarah M, Sellers James R
机构信息
Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 50 South Drive, B50/3523, Bethesda, MD 20892-8015, USA.
出版信息
Traffic. 2016 Aug;17(8):839-59. doi: 10.1111/tra.12388. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
Abstract
Members of the myosin superfamily are involved in all aspects of eukaryotic life. Their function ranges from the transport of organelles and cargos to the generation of membrane tension, and the contraction of muscle. The diversity of physiological functions is remarkable, given that all enzymatically active myosins follow a conserved mechanoenzymatic cycle in which the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate is coupled to either actin-based transport or tethering of actin to defined cellular compartments. Kinetic capacities and limitations of a myosin are determined by the extent to which actin can accelerate the hydrolysis of ATP and the release of the hydrolysis products and are indispensably linked to its physiological tasks. This review focuses on kinetic competencies that - together with structural adaptations - result in myosins with unique mechanoenzymatic properties targeted to their diverse cellular functions.
摘要
肌球蛋白超家族的成员参与真核生物生命的各个方面。它们的功能范围从细胞器和货物的运输到膜张力的产生以及肌肉收缩。考虑到所有具有酶活性的肌球蛋白都遵循一个保守的机械酶循环，其中ATP水解为ADP和无机磷酸与基于肌动蛋白的运输或将肌动蛋白连接到特定细胞区室相偶联，其生理功能的多样性是显著的。肌球蛋白的动力学能力和局限性取决于肌动蛋白加速ATP水解和水解产物释放的程度，并且与其生理任务有着不可或缺的联系。本综述聚焦于动力学能力，这些能力与结构适应性一起，产生了具有独特机械酶特性的肌球蛋白，以适应其多样的细胞功能。
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