Akobeng Anthony K
Sidra Medical and Research Centre, Doha, Qatar.
Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Acta Paediatr. 2016 Jun;105(6):605-9. doi: 10.1111/apa.13384. Epub 2016 Mar 31.
The results of a clinical trial may be subject to random error because of the variability in the measured data, which arises purely by chance. There are two types of random error - type I error and type II error. In this study, type I and type II errors are explained, and the important concepts of statistical power and sample size estimation are discussed.
The most important way of minimising random errors is to ensure adequate sample size; that is, a sufficient large number of patients should be recruited for the study.
由于测量数据的变异性（这纯粹是偶然产生的），临床试验结果可能会受到随机误差的影响。随机误差有两种类型——I型误差和II型误差。在本研究中，对I型和II型误差进行了解释，并讨论了统计功效和样本量估计的重要概念。
将随机误差降至最低的最重要方法是确保足够的样本量；也就是说，应该为该研究招募足够多的患者。
