Parmer John, Baur Cynthia, Eroglu Dogan, Lubell Keri, Prue Christine, Reynolds Barbara, Weaver James
a Office of the Associate Director for Communication , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
b Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Health Commun. 2016 Oct;31(10):1215-22. doi: 10.1080/10410236.2015.1049728. Epub 2016 Mar 3.
The mass media provide an important channel for delivering crisis and emergency risk information to the public. We conducted a content analysis of 369 newspaper and television broadcast stories covering natural disaster and foodborne outbreak events and coded for seven best practices in crisis and emergency risk messaging. On average, slightly less than two (1.86) of the seven best practices were included in each story. The proportion of stories including individual best practices ranged from 4.6% for "expressing empathy" to 83.7% for "explaining what is known" about the event's impact to human health. Each of the other five best practices appeared in less than 25% of stories. These results suggest much of the risk messaging the public receives via mass media does not follow best practices for effective crisis and emergency communication, potentially compromising public understanding and actions in response to events.
大众媒体为向公众传递危机和紧急风险信息提供了一个重要渠道。我们对369篇报纸和电视广播报道进行了内容分析，这些报道涵盖自然灾害和食源性疾病暴发事件，并针对危机和紧急风险信息传递中的七种最佳做法进行了编码。平均而言，每个报道中包含的七种最佳做法略少于两种（1.86种）。包含个别最佳做法的报道比例从“表达同理心”的4.6%到“解释已知情况”（即该事件对人类健康的影响）的83.7%不等。其他五种最佳做法中的每一种出现在不到25%的报道中。这些结果表明，公众通过大众媒体收到的许多风险信息并未遵循有效危机和紧急沟通的最佳做法，这可能会损害公众对事件的理解以及应对行动。
