Rivero Francisco, Xiong Huajiang
Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom.
Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom.
Int Rev Cell Mol Biol. 2016;322:61-181. doi: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.10.004. Epub 2015 Dec 23.
Small GTPases of the Rho family are ubiquitous molecular switches involved in the regulation of most actin cytoskeleton dependent processes and many other processes not directly linked to actin. D. discoideum is a well-established model organism for studies of the actin cytoskeleton and its regulation by signal transduction pathways. D. discoideum is equipped with a complex repertoire of Rho signaling components, with 20 Rho GTPases, more than 100 regulators (including exchange factors, GTPase activating proteins and guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors), and nearly 80 effectors or components of effector complexes. In this review we examine the knowledge accumulated to date about proteins involved in Rho-regulated signaling pathways in D. discoideum, with an emphasis on functional studies. We integrate the information about individual components into defined signaling pathways, with a focus on three extensively investigated processes: chemotaxis, vesicle trafficking, and cytokinesis.
Rho家族的小GTP酶是普遍存在的分子开关，参与调控大多数依赖肌动蛋白细胞骨架的过程以及许多其他与肌动蛋白无直接关联的过程。盘基网柄菌是研究肌动蛋白细胞骨架及其通过信号转导途径进行调控的成熟模式生物。盘基网柄菌具备一套复杂的Rho信号成分，包括20种Rho GTP酶、100多种调节因子（包括交换因子、GTP酶激活蛋白和鸟嘌呤核苷酸解离抑制剂），以及近80种效应器或效应器复合物的成分。在本综述中，我们考察了迄今为止积累的关于盘基网柄菌中参与Rho调控信号通路的蛋白质的知识，重点是功能研究。我们将关于各个成分的信息整合到明确的信号通路中，重点关注三个经过广泛研究的过程：趋化性、囊泡运输和胞质分裂。
