Hutsko S L, Meizlisch K, Wick M, Lilburn M S
Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691.
Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, Wooster, OH 44691
Poult Sci. 2016 May;95(5):1173-8. doi: 10.3382/ps/pew019. Epub 2016 Mar 4.
Alternative and adjunctive approaches to decreasing the use of dietary antibiotics are becoming popular areas of study. Supplemental probiotics (commensal microbes) and prebiotics (indigestible complex carbohydrates) are 2 dietary approaches to facilitating the intestinal colonization of beneficial bacteria to compete with potential pathogens, thus creating a healthy mucosal environment. The intestinal mucosa is composed of mucin glycoproteins, which play a key role in preventing the attachment of pathogenic bacteria. At hatch, the neonatal turkey intestine is relatively aseptic and vulnderable to bacterial colonization by both commensal and pathogenic microbes. In the current study, we determined the transcription of MUC2, the primary mucin protein produced by goblet cells within the small intestine, and we also measured intestinal morphology immediately post-hatch through d 11. Poults were fed a conventional starter diet, the starter diet supplemented with one of 2 commercial probiotics (A, B), or a commercial mannan oligosaccharide. MUC2 transcription increased from d zero to d 4 post-hatch (P< 0.05), but there was no effect of probiotic or prebiotic supplementation. Villus height and villus area both increased with Probiotic B and mannan oligosaccharide supplementation (P<0.05) and there was a significant d X treatment interaction effect for crypt depth (P=0.007). These results suggest that probiotic and prebiotic supplementation can positively alter the intestinal microenvironment.
减少日粮抗生素使用的替代和辅助方法正成为热门的研究领域。补充益生菌（共生微生物）和益生元（难消化的复合碳水化合物）是两种日粮方法，可促进有益细菌在肠道内定殖，与潜在病原体竞争，从而营造健康的黏膜环境。肠黏膜由黏蛋白糖蛋白组成，在防止病原菌附着方面起关键作用。出雏时，新生火鸡肠道相对无菌，易受共生菌和病原菌的定殖影响。在本研究中，我们测定了小肠杯状细胞产生的主要黏蛋白MUC2的转录情况，还在出雏后到第11天测量了肠道形态。雏鸡分别饲喂常规开食料、添加两种市售益生菌之一（A、B）的开食料或市售甘露寡糖。MUC2转录在出雏后第0天到第4天增加（P<0.05），但益生菌或益生元添加无影响。补充益生菌B和甘露寡糖后绒毛高度和绒毛面积均增加（P<0.05），且隐窝深度存在显著的日龄×处理交互效应（P=0.007）。这些结果表明，补充益生菌和益生元可积极改变肠道微环境。
