Peng Ping-cai, Wang Yan, Liu Long-yong, Zou Yong-de, Liao Xin-di, Liang Juan-boo, Wu Yin-bao
College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China.
Nanhai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Foshan 528200, China.
Poult Sci. 2016 May;95(5):1033-41. doi: 10.3382/ps/pew013. Epub 2016 Mar 4.
The excretion rates and ecological risk to the environment of three commonly used veterinary antibiotics (VAs), amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, and doxycycline, in layer hen manure during the application and withdrawal periods were investigated in a study consisting of a control group fed with VA-free basal diet and nine treatment groups consisted of three levels (200 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 50 mg/kg) of amoxicillin (AMX), ciprofloxacin (CIP), or doxycycline (DOC). Each treatment group was replicated seven times with three layer hens per replication. Results of the study showed that the average excretion rates of AMX in the 200, 100, and 50 mg/kg groups were 67.88, 55.82, and 66.15%, respectively, while those for CIP and DOC were 47.84, 51.85, and 44.87% and 82.67, 94.39, and 95.72%, respectively. The concentrations of the above veterinary drugs in manure decreased sharply in the withdrawal period (7, 28, and 10 d, respectively), for AMX, DOC, and CIP. Neither AMX nor DOC was detected in the manure after the withdrawal period. In contrast to AMX and DOC, the excretion rate of CIP was significantly lower and thus had a longer residence time. Ecological risk study, estimated using hazard quotient values, showed that AMX in the 100 and 50 mg/kg groups posed no risk to the environment after d 1 of withdrawal, while CIP in the 50 mg/kg group posed no risk to the environment from d 5 of withdrawal. CIP in the 200 and 100 mg/kg groups required 10 d withdrawal in order to pose no risk to the environment. In contrast, DOC residue during withdrawal in the manure posed no risk to the environment, thus making it more environmentally safe.
在一项研究中，对三种常用兽用抗生素（VAs）阿莫西林、环丙沙星和强力霉素在蛋鸡粪便中的排泄率及其对环境的生态风险进行了调查。该研究包括一个饲喂不含VA的基础日粮的对照组和九个处理组，每个处理组包含阿莫西林（AMX）、环丙沙星（CIP）或强力霉素（DOC）的三个水平（200mg/kg、100mg/kg和50mg/kg）。每个处理组重复七次，每次重复有三只蛋鸡。研究结果表明，200mg/kg、100mg/kg和50mg/kg组中AMX的平均排泄率分别为67.88%、55.82%和66.15%，而CIP和DOC的平均排泄率分别为47.84%、51.85%和44.87%以及82.67%、94.39%和95.72%。在停药期（分别为7天、28天和10天），粪便中上述兽药的浓度急剧下降，分别针对AMX、DOC和CIP。停药期后粪便中未检测到AMX和DOC。与AMX和DOC相比，CIP的排泄率显著较低，因此停留时间更长。使用风险商值进行的生态风险研究表明，100mg/kg和50mg/kg组中的AMX在停药第1天后对环境无风险，而50mg/kg组中的CIP从停药第5天起对环境无风险。200mg/kg和100mg/kg组中的CIP需要停药10天才能对环境无风险。相比之下，粪便中停药期的DOC残留对环境无风险，因此使其在环境方面更安全。
