Avincsal Mehmet Ozgur, Altundag Aytug, Ulusoy Seckin, Dinc Mehmet Emre, Dalgic Abdullah, Topak Murat
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Gaziosmanpasa Taksim Training and Research Hospital, Karayolları Mahallesi, Osmanbey Caddesi, No:120, Gaziosmanpaşa/Istanbul, Turkey.
Istanbul Surgery Hospital, Taste and Smell Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2016 Jun;273(6):1515-20. doi: 10.1007/s00405-016-3961-1. Epub 2016 Mar 5.
Previous reports have suggested that laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) may cause halitosis. However, it remains unclear if LPR is a risk factor for halitosis. The aim of this study was to investigate if patients diagnosed with LPR have an increased probability of halitosis compared to a normal population. Fifty-eight patients complaining of LPR symptoms and 35 healthy subjects were included in the study. A LPR diagnosis was made using an ambulatory 24-h double pH-probe monitor, which is the gold standard diagnostic tool for LPR. Additionally, halitosis was evaluated by measuring the levels of volatile sulphur compounds using OralChroma™ and an organoleptic test score. The result of the final diagnosis of the 58 patients after the 24 h ambulatory pH monitoring was that 42 patients had LPR. Significant correlations were observed between the organoleptic test score and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and methyl mercaptan (CH3SH) levels. These were also significantly correlated with LPR. We found a strong positive association between LPR and volatile sulphur compound levels. The H2S and CH3SH levels differed significantly between the LPR and control groups (p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Halitosis was significantly associated with the occurrence and severity of LPR. The present study provides clear evidence for an association between halitosis and LPR. Halitosis has a high frequency in patients with LPR and reflux characteristics are directly related to their severity and therefore could be considered as a manifestation of LPR.
先前的报告表明，喉咽反流（LPR）可能导致口臭。然而，LPR是否为口臭的危险因素仍不明确。本研究的目的是调查与正常人群相比，被诊断为LPR的患者患口臭的可能性是否增加。58例主诉有LPR症状的患者和35名健康受试者纳入本研究。采用动态24小时双pH探头监测仪进行LPR诊断，这是LPR的金标准诊断工具。此外，通过使用OralChroma™测量挥发性硫化物水平和感官测试评分来评估口臭。24小时动态pH监测后58例患者的最终诊断结果是，42例患者有LPR。感官测试评分与硫化氢（H2S）和甲硫醇（CH3SH）水平之间存在显著相关性。这些也与LPR显著相关。我们发现LPR与挥发性硫化物水平之间存在强正相关。LPR组和对照组之间的H2S和CH3SH水平差异显著（分别为p < 0.0001和p < 0.0001）。口臭与LPR的发生和严重程度显著相关。本研究为口臭与LPR之间的关联提供了明确证据。LPR患者口臭发生率高，反流特征与其严重程度直接相关，因此可被视为LPR的一种表现。
