Wang Jinheng, Faict Sylvia, Maes Ken, De Bruyne Elke, Van Valckenborgh Els, Schots Rik, Vanderkerken Karin, Menu Eline
Department of Hematology and Immunology, Myeloma Center Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussels (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
Department of Clinical Hematology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.
Oncotarget. 2016 Jun 21;7(25):38927-38945. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.7792.
The bone marrow (BM) represents a complex microenvironment containing stromal cells, immune cells, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and hematopoietic cells, which are crucial for the immune response, bone formation, and hematopoiesis. Apart from soluble factors and direct cell-cell contact, extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, were recently identified as a third mediator for cell communication. Solid evidence has already demonstrated the involvement of various BM-derived cells and soluble factors in the regulation of multiple biological processes whereas the EV-mediated message delivery system from the BM has just been explored in recent decades. These EVs not only perform physiological functions but can also play a role in cancer development, including in Multiple Myeloma (MM) which is a plasma cell malignancy predominantly localized in the BM. This review will therefore focus on the multiple functions of EVs derived from BM cells, the manipulation of the BM by cancer-derived EVs, and the role of BM EVs in MM progression.
骨髓（BM）是一个复杂的微环境，包含基质细胞、免疫细胞、破骨细胞、成骨细胞和造血细胞，这些细胞对免疫反应、骨形成和造血至关重要。除了可溶性因子和直接的细胞间接触外，细胞外囊泡（EVs），包括外泌体，最近被确定为细胞通讯的第三种介质。确凿的证据已经证明各种骨髓来源的细胞和可溶性因子参与了多种生物学过程的调节，而骨髓来源的EV介导的信息传递系统直到最近几十年才被探索。这些EVs不仅执行生理功能，还能在癌症发展中发挥作用，包括在多发性骨髓瘤（MM）中，MM是一种主要局限于骨髓的浆细胞恶性肿瘤。因此，本综述将聚焦于骨髓细胞来源的EVs的多种功能、癌症来源的EVs对骨髓的影响，以及骨髓EVs在MM进展中的作用。
