Baginska Joanna, Rodakowska Ewa, Milewski Robert, Wilczynska-Borawska Magdalena, Kierklo Anna
Department of Dentistry Propaedeutics, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
BMC Oral Health. 2016 Mar 9;16:30. doi: 10.1186/s12903-016-0183-2.
The frequency of dental trauma in schools is secondary only to accidents at home. The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of first aid in the avulsion of permanent teeth presented by Polish school nurses from different areas.
A cross-sectional study with the use of a structured self-administrative questionnaire was conducted in 2014 on school nurses working in randomly selected Polish provinces. The instrument consisted of demographic questions, questions referring to nurses' experience and training in dental trauma and questions checking knowledge of first-aid in the avulsion of permanent teeth. The maximum number of points to be scored was eight. Data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis, the Mann-Whitney U and Chi(2) tests with the level of statistical significance at p < 0.05.
The final sample consisted of 164 nurses of which 70.1 % had experience with dental injuries and 45.7 % witnessed a tooth avulsion in pupils. 10.4 % nurses participated in training courses concerning tooth avulsion and 67.1 % of them independently broadened their knowledge. The knowledge of the first-aid management of an avulsed tooth was moderate (4.72 ± 1.95 points). 78.1 % of nurses chose a correct definition of the term of 'tooth avulsion'. Only 7.3 % of them were aware that the replantation could be conducted by any witness of an accident. Saline was most often chosen as a proper transport medium for an avulsed tooth (57.9 %), whereas 16.1 % of nurses indicated milk. 13.4 % of evaluated nurses showed readiness to conduct an immediate replantation. Most respondents preferred calling child's parents and advising them to bring the child to a dentist (63.4 %). The main factor influencing nurses' level of knowledge was self-education (p < 0.001). Being a witness to dental trauma (p = 0.0032) and working in schools with sports classes (p = 0.0423) were positive determinants of improved knowledge. Nurses from large agglomerations had significantly lower knowledge (p = 0.005). The main source of information for self-education was the Internet.
The evaluated nurses were in need of education with regard to the management of dental trauma cases. The Internet should be used to deliver evidence-based knowledge to medical staff working at schools.
学校中牙齿外伤的发生率仅次于家庭意外事故。本研究的目的是评估波兰不同地区学校护士对恒牙脱位急救知识的掌握情况。
2014年，我们采用结构化自填问卷对波兰随机选取省份的学校护士开展了一项横断面研究。该问卷包括人口统计学问题、有关护士牙齿外伤经验和培训的问题，以及检查恒牙脱位急救知识的问题。最高得分是8分。采用Kruskal-Wallis检验、Mann-Whitney U检验和卡方检验对数据进行分析，统计学显著性水平为p<0.05。
最终样本包括164名护士，其中70.1%有牙齿损伤处理经验，45.7%目睹过学生牙齿脱位。10.4%的护士参加过有关牙齿脱位的培训课程，其中67.1%通过自学拓宽了知识。对脱位牙齿急救处理的知识掌握程度中等（4.72±1.95分）。78.1%的护士对“牙齿脱位”一词选择了正确的定义。只有7.3%的护士知道事故的任何目击者都可以进行牙齿再植。生理盐水最常被选为脱位牙齿的合适运输介质（57.9%），而16.1%的护士选择了牛奶。13.4%接受评估的护士表示愿意立即进行牙齿再植。大多数受访者倾向于打电话给孩子的父母，建议他们带孩子去看牙医（63.4%）。影响护士知识水平的主要因素是自我教育（p<0.001）。目睹牙齿外伤（p=0.0032）以及在有体育课的学校工作（p=0.0423）是知识水平提高的积极决定因素。大城市的护士知识水平明显较低（p=0.005）。自我教育的主要信息来源是互联网。
接受评估的护士在牙齿外伤病例处理方面需要接受教育。应利用互联网向学校医务人员提供循证知识。
