Rafailidis Vasileios, Varelas Sotirios, Apostolopoulou Foteini, Rafailidis Dimitrios
J Ultrasound Med. 2016 Apr;35(4):805-18. doi: 10.7863/ultra.15.04060.
The objective of this pictorial essay is to systematically classify processus vaginalis– related disorders in the light of embryology and present illustrative sonograms with corresponding diagrams. Failure of the processus vaginalis to obliterate during gestation results in a wide spectrum of anomalies, including communicating and noncommunicating hydroceles and inguinal and inguinoscrotal hernias, along with other related disorders of the genital system. There are varying classifications in the literature regarding the aforementioned entities. Proper and timely diagnosis of these entities is essential, given the differences in treatment. Although physical examination can narrow the differential diagnosis, sonography plays an essential role in establishing the diagnosis.
本图文综述的目的是根据胚胎学对鞘突相关疾病进行系统分类，并展示带有相应示意图的超声图像实例。妊娠期间鞘突未闭锁会导致一系列广泛的异常情况，包括交通性和非交通性鞘膜积液、腹股沟疝和腹股沟阴囊疝，以及生殖系统的其他相关疾病。关于上述疾病，文献中有不同的分类方法。鉴于治疗方法存在差异，对这些疾病进行准确及时的诊断至关重要。虽然体格检查可以缩小鉴别诊断范围，但超声检查在确诊中起着至关重要的作用。
