Sameshima Yoshino T, Yamanari Maurício G I, Silva Mariana A, Neto Miguel J Francisco, Funari Marcelo B G
Diagnostic Imaging Department, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627/701, 05651-901, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Pediatr Radiol. 2017 Apr;47(4):461-472. doi: 10.1007/s00247-016-3706-8. Epub 2016 Nov 10.
Bulging of the inguinal region is a frequent complaint in the pediatric population and sonographic findings can be challenging for radiologists. In this review we update the sonographic findings of the most common disorders that affect the inguinal canal in neonates and children, with a focus on the processus vaginalis abnormalities such as congenital hydroceles, indirect inguinal hernias and cryptorchidism, illustrated with cases collected at a quaternary hospital during a 7-year period. We emphasize the importance of correctly classifying different types of congenital hydrocele and inguinal hernia to allow for early surgical intervention when necessary. We have systematically organized and illustrated all types of congenital hydrocele and inguinal hernias based on embryological, anatomical and pathophysiological findings to assist readers in the diagnosis of even complex cases of inguinal canal ultrasound evaluation in neonates and children. We also present rare diagnoses such as the abdominoscrotal hydrocele and the herniation of uterus and ovaries into the canal of Nuck.
腹股沟区膨出是儿科人群的常见主诉，超声检查结果对放射科医生来说可能具有挑战性。在本综述中，我们更新了影响新生儿和儿童腹股沟管的最常见疾病的超声检查结果，重点关注鞘状突异常，如先天性鞘膜积液、腹股沟斜疝和隐睾，并展示了一家四级医院在7年期间收集的病例。我们强调正确分类不同类型先天性鞘膜积液和腹股沟疝的重要性，以便在必要时进行早期手术干预。我们根据胚胎学、解剖学和病理生理学结果，系统地组织并展示了所有类型的先天性鞘膜积液和腹股沟疝，以帮助读者诊断新生儿和儿童腹股沟管超声评估中的复杂病例。我们还介绍了罕见的诊断，如腹阴囊鞘膜积液以及子宫和卵巢疝入Nuck管。
