Relić Tijana, Ilić Nevenka, Kostić Gordana, Jovanović Dara, Tambur Zoran, Lazarević Ivana
Vojnosanit Pregl. 2016 Jan;73(1):59-65. doi: 10.2298/vsp140930030r.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Bronchiolitis in early childhood caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is considered to be important risk factor of the recurrent wheezing and asthma development. The aim of this study was to examine the frequency of RSV infection and atopy in children up to two years of age and to determine their correlation with bronchial hyperreactivity.
The study included 175 children aged 5-24 months. The presence of RSV infection was identified by serum levels of IgA and IgG determined by ELISA. Bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) has been defined as the existence of chronic bronchial disease and/or three or more previous suspected diagnosis of acute bronchial disease. Atopy was confirmed by detection of the specific serum IgE using quantitative multitest Phadiatop infant (cut off 0.35 kUA/L).
The children with atopy were more frequently infected with RSV (43.3%) than those without atopy (22.8%; p = 0.02). The higher frequency of RSV infection was found in children with BHR in comparison with those without it but only in the group who also had atopy (77.8% vs. 28.6%, p = 0.018). In the female children, BHR and RSV infection were associated in 62.5% of cases, regardless the atopy. In the male children with atopy, RSV infection was associated with BHR in 83.3% of the cases, while in those without atopy, RSV infection with BHR was found in only 17.4% of the cases.
Children up to two years of age with atopy are more frequently infected with RSV (43.3%) than nonatopic children. Every third child with atopy develops BHR and 77.8% of them also have RSV infection. Atopic children are at higher risk for development of BHR when infected with RSV also.
背景/目的：呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）引起的幼儿细支气管炎被认为是反复喘息和哮喘发生的重要危险因素。本研究的目的是检测2岁以下儿童RSV感染和特应性的频率，并确定它们与支气管高反应性的相关性。
本研究纳入了175名5 - 24个月大的儿童。通过ELISA测定血清IgA和IgG水平来确定RSV感染的存在。支气管高反应性（BHR）被定义为存在慢性支气管疾病和/或既往有三次或更多次疑似急性支气管疾病的诊断。使用定量多测试法Phadiatop婴儿检测特定血清IgE（临界值为0.35 kUA/L）来确认特应性。
特应性儿童感染RSV的频率（43.3%）高于非特应性儿童（22.8%；p = 0.02）。与无BHR的儿童相比，有BHR的儿童RSV感染频率更高，但仅在同时患有特应性的组中（77.8%对28.6%，p = 0.018）。在女童中，无论是否有特应性，62.5%的病例中BHR与RSV感染相关。在有特应性的男童中，83.3%的病例中RSV感染与BHR相关，而在无特应性的男童中，仅17.4%的病例中RSV感染与BHR相关。
2岁以下的特应性儿童感染RSV的频率（43.3%）高于非特应性儿童。每三个特应性儿童中就有一个会发展为BHR，其中77.8%的儿童也感染了RSV。特应性儿童在感染RSV时发生BHR的风险更高。
