2012年夏末异常增加后人类隐孢子虫分离株的分子特征
Molecular characterization of human Cryptosporidium spp. isolates after an unusual increase in late summer 2012.
作者信息
Roelfsema Jeroen H, Sprong Hein, Cacciò Simone M, Takumi Katsuhisa, Kroes Michiel, van Pelt Wilfrid, Kortbeek Laetitia M, van der Giessen Joke W B
机构信息
Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immunomediated Diseases Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
出版信息
Parasit Vectors. 2016 Mar 10;9:138. doi: 10.1186/s13071-016-1397-5.
BACKGROUND
During the late summer 2012, a number of medical microbiological laboratories (MMLs) reported an unusual increase in cases of cryptosporidiosis, a gastrointestinal infection caused by the protozoan parasites Cryptosporidium spp. Prompted by this signal, the National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) started an epidemiological investigation into possible causes. Simultaneously, samples diagnosed at MMLs were sent to RIVM for genotyping, aiming to further identify the possible source of the increase.
METHODS
Genotyping was performed by sequencing a fragment of the GP60 gene. Additional genotyping was performed on a subset of samples using six microsatellite markers. Population genetic analysis was performed using BEAST.
RESULTS
The majority of the samples were typed as C. hominis, and a single GP60 genotype (IbA10G2) largely predominated. Genotyping microsatellite markers further supported the circulation of a single genetic type. Population genetic analysis with genotypes found in previous years is inconsistent with a decrease in effective population size.
CONCLUSIONS
The conclusion of this finding is that the rise reflects more an overall increase and not a common source outbreak.
背景
2012年夏末，一些医学微生物实验室（MMLs）报告隐孢子虫病病例出现异常增加，隐孢子虫病是由原生动物寄生虫隐孢子虫属引起的胃肠道感染。受此信号提示，国家公共卫生与环境研究所（RIVM）对可能的病因展开了流行病学调查。与此同时，MMLs诊断的样本被送往RIVM进行基因分型，旨在进一步确定病例增加的可能源头。
方法
通过对GP60基因的一个片段进行测序来进行基因分型。使用六个微卫星标记对一部分样本进行了额外的基因分型。使用BEAST进行群体遗传分析。
结果
大多数样本被分型为人隐孢子虫，单一的GP60基因型（IbA10G2）占主导地位。微卫星标记基因分型进一步支持单一遗传类型的传播。对前几年发现的基因型进行群体遗传分析，结果与有效种群数量减少不一致。
结论
这一发现的结论是，病例增加更多反映的是总体上升，而非共同来源的暴发。
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