Rossant Janet
Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Curr Top Dev Biol. 2016;117:275-88. doi: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2015.11.015. Epub 2016 Feb 12.
The study of the preimplantation mouse embryo has progressed over the past 50 years from descriptive biology through experimental embryology to molecular biology and genetics. Along the way, the molecular pathways that lead to the establishment of the three cell lineages of the blastocyst have become more clearly understood but the fundamental questions of lineage commitment remain the same as those laid out in early studies. With new tools of genome manipulation, in vivo imaging and single-cell analysis, the mouse blastocyst is an excellent model system to understand how organized cell fate decisions are made in a self-organizing developmental context.
在过去50年里，对植入前小鼠胚胎的研究已从描述性生物学发展到实验胚胎学，再到分子生物学和遗传学。在此过程中，导致囊胚三个细胞谱系建立的分子途径已得到更清晰的了解，但谱系决定的基本问题仍与早期研究中提出的问题相同。借助基因组操作、体内成像和单细胞分析等新工具，小鼠囊胚是理解在自组织发育背景下如何做出有组织的细胞命运决定的优秀模型系统。
