Tonozzi Theresa R, Layne Larry A
Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health, Washington, District of Columbia.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Safety Research, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia.
Am J Ind Med. 2016 May;59(5):408-23. doi: 10.1002/ajim.22578. Epub 2016 Mar 11.
Hired crop workers in the United States are at high risk of occupational injury. Targeted surveillance is important for effective occupational safety efforts.
The National Agricultural Workers Survey was utilized to collect injury data during the years 1999, 2002-2004 (period I) and 2008-2010 (period II).
The overall injury rate declined between the two periods from 4.3 to 2.9/100 per full-time week-based equivalents (FTEWB ). Injury rates remained high during both periods for those with greater than 20 years farm experience (3.6 and 3.8/100 FTEWB ) and pesticide handling work (4.9 and 5.0/100 FTEWB ). Overexertion, contact with objects and equipment, and falls from height were common during both periods. Older workers comprised a greater proportion of injury cases in period II.
Overexertion that leads to sprains/strains, dangerous ladder use, and pesticide use should be targeted as important risk exposures on the farm.
美国雇佣的农作物工人面临较高的职业伤害风险。针对性监测对于有效的职业安全工作很重要。
利用全国农业工人调查收集1999年、2002 - 2004年（第一阶段）和2008 - 2010年（第二阶段）期间的伤害数据。
两个阶段之间，总体伤害率从每100个全职工时当量（FTEWB）4.3降至2.9。在这两个阶段，有超过20年农场工作经验的工人（每100个FTEWB分别为3.6和3.8）以及从事农药处理工作的工人（每100个FTEWB分别为4.9和5.0）的伤害率仍然很高。在这两个阶段，过度劳累、与物体和设备接触以及高处坠落都很常见。在第二阶段，老年工人在伤害案例中所占比例更大。
导致扭伤/拉伤的过度劳累、危险的梯子使用和农药使用应作为农场重要的风险暴露目标。
