Pandolfi Laura, Minardi Silvia, Taraballi Francesca, Liu Xeuwu, Ferrari Mauro, Tasciotti Ennio
Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA; College of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.
Department of Nanomedicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, USA.
J Tissue Eng. 2016 Jan 11;7:2041731415624668. doi: 10.1177/2041731415624668. eCollection 2016 Jan-Dec.
Current tissue engineering strategies focus on restoring damaged tissue architectures using biologically active scaffolds. The ideal scaffold would mimic the extracellular matrix of any tissue of interest, promoting cell proliferation and de novo extracellular matrix deposition. A plethora of techniques have been evaluated to engineer scaffolds for the controlled and targeted release of bioactive molecules to provide a functional structure for tissue growth and remodeling, as well as enhance recruitment and proliferation of autologous cells within the implant. Recently, novel approaches using small molecules, instead of growth factors, have been exploited to regulate tissue regeneration. The use of small synthetic molecules could be very advantageous because of their stability, tunability, and low cost. Herein, we propose a chitosan-gelatin scaffold functionalized with composite microspheres consisting of mesoporous silicon microparticles and poly(dl-lactic-co-glycolic acid) for the controlled release of sphingosine-1-phospate, a small molecule of interest. We characterized the platform with scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and confocal microscopy. Finally, the biocompatibility of this multiscale system was analyzed by culturing human mesenchymal stem cells onto the scaffold. The presented strategy establishes the basis of a versatile scaffold for the controlled release of small molecules and for culturing mesenchymal stem cells for regenerative medicine applications.
当前的组织工程策略专注于使用生物活性支架来恢复受损的组织结构。理想的支架应模仿任何感兴趣组织的细胞外基质，促进细胞增殖和细胞外基质的重新沉积。人们已经评估了大量技术来构建支架，以实现生物活性分子的可控和靶向释放，从而为组织生长和重塑提供功能性结构，并增强植入物内自体细胞的募集和增殖。最近，已采用使用小分子而非生长因子的新方法来调节组织再生。使用小分子合成分子可能非常有利，因为它们具有稳定性、可调性和低成本。在此，我们提出一种用由介孔硅微粒和聚（dl-乳酸-共-乙醇酸）组成的复合微球功能化的壳聚糖-明胶支架，用于可控释放感兴趣的小分子鞘氨醇-1-磷酸。我们用扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱和共聚焦显微镜对该平台进行了表征。最后，通过将人间充质干细胞培养在支架上来分析这种多尺度系统的生物相容性。所提出的策略为小分子的可控释放以及用于再生医学应用的间充质干细胞培养建立了一种通用支架的基础。
