Grachev Yu V
Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow.
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2016;116(1):82-89. doi: 10.17116/jnevro20161161182-89.
The article describes clinical, including neurological manifestations, of giant cell arteritis (GCA) - granulomatous vasculitis of large and medium-sized vessels, predominantly craniofacial, including precerebral and cerebral, arteries. Histopathological features of GCA are illustrated by the schemes of panarteritis and «postarteritis» (proliferative and fibrotic changes in the intima, underlying the development of cerebrovascular disorders). The main clinical manifestations of GCA are described as 3 groups of symptoms: general constitutional symptoms; manifestations of vasculitis of craniofacial, precerebral and cerebral arteries; polymyalgia rheumaticа. The authors present their own version of the taxonomy of visual disturbances in patients with GCA. Diagnostic steps in patients with suggestive signs of GCA are described. Therapeutic regimens of use of glucocorticoids for suggestion/diagnosis of GCA are presented.
本文描述了巨细胞动脉炎（GCA）的临床症状，包括神经学表现。GCA是一种大中型血管的肉芽肿性血管炎，主要累及颅面部血管，包括脑前动脉和脑动脉。全动脉炎和“动脉炎后”（内膜的增殖和纤维化改变，是脑血管疾病发生的基础）的病理组织学特征通过示意图进行了说明。GCA的主要临床表现被描述为3组症状：全身症状；颅面部、脑前和脑动脉血管炎的表现；风湿性多肌痛。作者提出了他们自己关于GCA患者视力障碍分类法的版本。描述了具有GCA提示性体征患者的诊断步骤。介绍了使用糖皮质激素对GCA进行疑似诊断/诊断的治疗方案。
