Schäfer Sarah, Wesslein Ann-Katrin, Spence Charles, Wentura Dirk, Frings Christian
Department of Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, University of Trier, Universitätsring 15, 54296, Trier, Germany.
University of Oxford, 9 South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3UD, UK.
Exp Brain Res. 2016 Aug;234(8):2141-50. doi: 10.1007/s00221-016-4616-6. Epub 2016 Mar 15.
To investigate self-prioritization independently of stimulus familiarity, Sui et al. (J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform 38:1105-1117, 2012. doi: 10.1037/a0029792 ) introduced a new paradigm in which different geometric shapes are arbitrarily associated with self-relevant (e.g., "I") and neutral labels (e.g., "stranger"). It has now been repeatedly demonstrated that in a subsequently presented matching task, this association leads to faster and more accurate verifications of self-relevant shape-label pairings than neutral shape-label pairings. In order to assess whether this self-prioritization effect represents a general selection mechanism in human information processing, we examined whether it is limited to the visual modality. Therefore, besides visual stimuli, auditory and vibrotactile stimuli were also associated either to self-relevant or to neutral labels. The findings demonstrate that self-prioritization represents a general tendency influencing human information processing, one that operates across the senses. Our results also highlight a top-down component to self-prioritization.
为了独立于刺激熟悉度来研究自我优先化，隋等人（《实验心理学杂志：人类感知与表现》第38卷：1105 - 1117页，2012年。doi: 10.1037/a0029792）引入了一种新范式，其中不同的几何形状被任意地与自我相关标签（例如，“我”）和中性标签（例如，“陌生人”）联系起来。现在已经反复证明，在随后呈现的匹配任务中，这种关联导致对自我相关形状 - 标签配对的验证比对中性形状 - 标签配对更快、更准确。为了评估这种自我优先化效应是否代表人类信息处理中的一种普遍选择机制，我们研究了它是否仅限于视觉通道。因此，除了视觉刺激外，听觉和触觉刺激也与自我相关或中性标签相关联。研究结果表明，自我优先化代表了一种影响人类信息处理的普遍倾向，这种倾向在各种感官中都起作用。我们的结果还突出了自我优先化中的自上而下的成分。
