Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tubingen, Germany.
Leibniz-Institut für Wissensmedien, Tübingen, Germany.
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove). 2023 Jun;76(6):1379-1390. doi: 10.1177/17470218221124928. Epub 2022 Oct 14.
Self-relevant stimuli such as one's name and face have been demonstrated to influence information processing in both the cognitive and affective domains. It has been observed that recently self-associated stimuli can also influence cognition, but their impact on affect has not been tested yet. In the current study ( = 107), we test whether recently self-associated stimuli yield an affective bias and compare the size of the effect with that of familiar self-associated stimuli. A Recoding-Free Implicit Association Test (IAT-RF) presenting self-associated, neutral object-associated, positive, and negative stimuli was used with two groups: one which categorised familiar words as self- and neutral object-associated stimuli, and a second which categorised recently self- and neutral object-associated geometric shapes. In both cases, response times were faster for congruent trials, which mapped response keys as "positive/self" and "negative/neutral object," than for incongruent trials which mapped response keys as "positive/neutral object" and "negative/self." The size of the effect yielded by familiar and new self-associated stimuli did not differ. This indicates that experimentally induced self-association can immediately yield an affective bias in favour of the self-associated stimulus.
自我相关的刺激，如自己的名字和面孔，已经被证明会影响认知和情感领域的信息处理。最近观察到，与自我相关的刺激也可以影响认知，但它们对情感的影响尚未得到检验。在本研究（n=107）中，我们测试了最近与自我相关的刺激是否会产生情感偏见，并比较了这种影响与熟悉的自我相关刺激的影响大小。使用无重编码内隐联想测验（IAT-RF）呈现与自我相关的、中性物体相关的、积极的和消极的刺激，分为两组：一组将熟悉的单词归类为自我和中性物体相关的刺激，另一组将最近与自我和中性物体相关的几何形状归类为自我和中性物体相关的刺激。在这两种情况下，与“积极/自我”和“消极/中性物体”相对应的一致试验的反应时间比与“积极/中性物体”和“消极/自我”相对应的不一致试验的反应时间更快。熟悉和新的自我相关刺激产生的影响大小没有差异。这表明，实验诱导的自我联想可以立即产生对自我相关刺激的情感偏见。
