Yamada Katsuya, Takahashi Susumu, Karube Fuyuki, Fujiyama Fumino, Kobayashi Kazuto, Nishi Akinori, Momiyama Toshihiko
Department of Physiology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.
Laboratory of Neural Circuitry, Graduate School of Brain Science, Doshisha University, Kyotanabe, Japan.
J Physiol Sci. 2016 Nov;66(6):435-446. doi: 10.1007/s12576-016-0445-4. Epub 2016 Mar 15.
The authors have reviewed recent research advances in basal ganglia circuitry and function, as well as in related disorders from multidisciplinary perspectives derived from the results of morphological, electrophysiological, behavioral, biochemical and molecular biological studies. Based on their expertise in their respective fields, as denoted in the text, the authors discuss five distinct research topics, as follows: (1) area-specific dopamine receptor expression of astrocytes in basal ganglia, (2) the role of physiologically released dopamine in the striatum, (3) control of behavioral flexibility by striatal cholinergic interneurons, (4) regulation of phosphorylation states of DARPP-32 by protein phosphatases and (5) physiological perspective on deep brain stimulation with optogenetics and closed-loop control for ameliorating parkinsonism.
作者们从形态学、电生理学、行为学、生物化学和分子生物学研究结果中获得多学科视角，回顾了基底神经节回路与功能以及相关疾病的近期研究进展。基于文中所述各自领域的专业知识，作者们讨论了五个不同的研究主题，如下：（1）基底神经节中星形胶质细胞的区域特异性多巴胺受体表达；（2）生理释放的多巴胺在纹状体中的作用；（3）纹状体胆碱能中间神经元对行为灵活性的控制；（4）蛋白磷酸酶对DARPP - 32磷酸化状态的调节；以及（5）光遗传学和闭环控制改善帕金森病的深部脑刺激的生理学视角。
