Doyle Edward J, Gratton Michael Anne, Varvares Mark A
Saint Louis University Department of Otolaryngology, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Departments of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School and the Department of Otolaryngology, the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Aug;155(2):246-51. doi: 10.1177/0194599816635629. Epub 2016 Mar 15.
To evaluate the combined functional impact on swallowing of tongue sensory and motor loss using a rat model.
Rats underwent selective neurectomies with transection of the motor (hypoglossal) nerve or motor and sensory (lingual) nerves. Postoperative functional parameters were followed for 2 weeks.
Translational research.
Thirty-six adolescent male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: anesthetic (n = 6), sham surgery (n = 8), hypoglossal transection (n = 10), and hypoglossal and lingual transection (n = 12). Each morning on postoperative days 1 to 14, the water and food intake were quantified and the animal weighed. Two-way analyses of variance (SigmaPlot; SYSTAT, San Jose, California) were performed with factors of "group" and "postoperative day" (POD) to analyze whether a significant difference existed between water intake, pellet consumption, and weight change.
The hypoglossal and lingual group consumed significantly less water during PODs 1 to 2 and significantly less food during PODs 1 to 3 than any other group. This established a significant difference in body weight between the hypoglossal and lingual group and all other groups for the duration of the study. Measured parameters in the hypoglossal group better approximated those of the control anesthetic and sham groups.
The addition of a sensory loss to a motor deficit involving the oral tongue results in a measurably significant difference in weight gain, a marker of function, compared with rats with only a motor deficit. Additional studies are needed to determine if there would be similar findings in a model of sensate vs asensate oral tongue reconstruction.
使用大鼠模型评估舌感觉和运动丧失对吞咽功能的综合影响。
对大鼠进行选择性神经切除术，切断运动（舌下）神经或运动及感觉（舌）神经。术后对功能参数进行2周的跟踪观察。
转化研究。
将36只青春期雄性Wistar大鼠分为4组：麻醉组（n = 6）、假手术组（n = 8）、舌下神经切断组（n = 10）和舌下及舌神经切断组（n = 12）。在术后第1至14天的每天早晨，对水和食物摄入量进行量化，并对动物称重。采用“组”和“术后天数”（POD）作为因素进行双向方差分析（SigmaPlot；SYSTAT，加利福尼亚州圣何塞），以分析水摄入量、颗粒食物消耗量和体重变化之间是否存在显著差异。
在术后第1至2天，舌下及舌神经切断组的饮水量明显少于其他任何组；在术后第1至3天，该组的食物摄入量也明显少于其他组。在研究期间，舌下及舌神经切断组与所有其他组之间的体重存在显著差异。舌下神经切断组的测量参数更接近对照麻醉组和假手术组。
与仅存在运动缺陷的大鼠相比，涉及口腔舌部的运动缺陷再加上感觉丧失，在体重增加（功能指标）方面会产生明显的显著差异。需要进一步研究以确定在有感觉与无感觉的口腔舌部重建模型中是否会有类似的发现。
