Hamra Sam T
Dallas, Texas.
From the Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016 Jul;138(1):85-96. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000002310.
This article is a 42-year history of the development of a comprehensive face-lift technique by the author. It describes how the composite rhytidectomy has been constructed, anatomical area by anatomical area, over the author's lifetime career as a plastic surgeon. Over the course of these years, beginning with Skoog's 1973 description of using the platysma muscle of the lower face, it describes how progressively the other significant structures of anatomy necessary to be used in achieving significant rejuvenation have been analyzed by the author and in turn surgically repositioned. The theory was based on creating a composite flap of the face, keeping the orbicularis oculi muscle, facial platysma muscle, and cheek fat in their normal anatomical and intimate relationship with each other by using the skin as the carriage. In addition, differences of vectors between the composite rhytidectomy and traditional techniques are demonstrated. The gradual and persistent pursuit of periorbital rejuvenation using the lower eyelid fat and the septal orbitale is described. Each of the anatomical structures involved and the description of their importance and surgical execution have been published over the surgical career of the author, including use of the same principles for reversing suboptimal face-lift results.
本文讲述了作者42年来全面面部提升技术的发展历程。它描述了在作者作为整形外科医生的职业生涯中，复合除皱术是如何按解剖区域逐步构建的。在这些年里，从1973年斯库格描述使用下脸的颈阔肌开始，它描述了作者如何逐步分析实现显著年轻化所需的其他重要解剖结构，并相应地进行手术重新定位。该理论基于创建一个面部复合皮瓣，以皮肤为载体，使眼轮匝肌、面部颈阔肌和颊脂保持彼此正常的解剖和紧密关系。此外，还展示了复合除皱术与传统技术之间向量的差异。描述了利用下睑脂肪和眶隔逐步且持续地进行眶周年轻化的过程。作者在其外科职业生涯中已发表了所涉及的每一个解剖结构以及它们的重要性和手术操作的描述，包括使用相同原则来改善不理想的面部提升效果。
